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一、考查as原級比較結構及插入名詞的位置問題 典型命題: 1. Our neighbour has ______ ours. A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as 2. John plays football______, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as 解析:一般來講,形容詞、副詞原級比較的結構為“...(not) as (so)+adj./adv.+as...”表示前者與后者一樣/不一樣。如果中間有名詞,其常用結構為“... as+adj.+a(n)+名詞+as...”。 真題直練 1. It is generally believed that teaching is ______it is a science. A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 2. She doesn't speak ______her friend, but her written work is excellent. A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as 3. The piano in the other shop will be ______, but ______. A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good 4. After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ______an hour, thinking of her young and happy days. A. as long as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as many as Key:1—4 DACA 二、考查as構成的倍數表達法 典型命題: The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home and I am paying______ here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much 解析:如果表示一方是另一方的若干倍時,“……倍數+as+原級形容詞/副詞+as…… ”為一常用結構。 真題直練 1. With the help of the German experts, the factory produced ______ cars in 1993 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many as twice C. as twice as many D. twice as many 2. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced______ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as Key:1—2 DC 三、考查充當連詞的as 典型命題: 1. ______, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John. A. As long as I have travelled B. Now that I have travelled so much C. Much as I have travelled D. As I have travelled so much 解析:此題中as引導倒裝結構,表示讓步關系,其結構為“……as+主語+謂語+……”。 特別提示:使用此結構時應注意以下幾點:1)倒裝的部分一般為表語、狀語和動詞原形。 2)表語是不帶定語的單數可數名詞,其前面的a(an)要省去;3)倒裝的動詞原形常與may,might,will,would等詞連用,但這些詞都要保留在原來位置上。如: Child as he is, he speaks English well.他雖是個孩子,但英語說得很好。 Much as I like the book, but I have no money to buy it.雖然我非常喜歡這本書,但我卻沒錢買。 Try as he might, Tom could not find a job.不管怎樣努力,湯姆還是找不到一份工作。 2. Mother was worried because little A. as B. that C. during D. if 解析:此題中as充當從屬連詞,作“當……的時候”解,引導時間狀語從句,表示主句動作與從句動作同時發生。在使用as時應注意其與while和when的區別:1)while常表示一段較長的時間或一個過程,強調主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生,為“在……期間”之意。如:While I was reading letters last night, he was watching TV. 昨晚我看信時,他在看電視。 2)when可用來表示一段時間,意為“在……期間”,與延續性動詞連用;也可用來表示時間點,意為“當……時候”,與非延續性動詞連用。如:I fell asleep when he was doing his exercises. 他做練習時我睡著了。 When he came into the classroom, I was reading. 他走進教室時我正在看書。 真題直練 1. ______, he doesn't study well. A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As clever he is 2. ______, he was unable to make much progress. A. Hard as he try B. Hard as he tried C. As he tried hard D. He tried hard Key:1—2 CB 四、考查as構成的固定短語 典型命題 ①________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While ②—How far apart do they live? —________ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood. A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as 解析:固定短語as long as, as far as用作連詞,其意義分別為“只要”,“就……而言”,用以引導條件狀語從句。 特別提示:as相關短語: 1. as a matter of fact 實際上 2. as a result of 結果 3. as for 至于;關于 4. as soon as 一……就…… 5. as many as 和……一樣多 6. as much as 盡……那么多 7. as possible as 盡可能…… 8. as to 至于 9. as well as 又;也 真題直練 1. Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken Key: 1—2 B C 五、考查as充當關系代詞 典型命題 ①________ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What ② These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which 解析:as充當關系代詞,可以引導非限定性定語從句,在定語從句中as常作主語等句子成分。在這種情況下,as指的是前面或后面整個句子的內容。注意: 1) 在使用這個結構時應與it引導的主語從句區分開來,it引導的主語從句的結構為:It+be+形容詞...that...,其間不要加“,”。例如:句①可改為“It has been announced that we...” 2) 充當關系代詞引導限定性定語從句時,先行詞前常有such, the same與之相呼應,構成such...as, the same...as句型,as表示“正如……那樣”的意思。 特別提示:as與which引導非限定性定語從句的區別: 1) as引導的非限定性定語從句通常修飾前面整個句子。在定語從句中,as除了能充當一定的句子成分外,還具有“正如(像)……;由……可知”等意思。 2) which引導非限定性定語從句時,其從句常是對主句中某一名詞進行補充說明。as引導的定語從句可放在句首、句中或句末,而which引導的定語從句常置于句中或句末。例如:The book of yours, which I finished reading last night, was very interesting. 昨晚我讀完的你的那本書很有趣。As was expected, he performed the task successfully. 正如人們所期望的那樣,他成功地完成了那項任務。 真題直練 1. ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D.What 2. ________ is known to all, A. That; advancing B. This; advanced C. As; advanced D. It; advancing 3. He doesn't believe ________things ________ you do. A. the same; as B. the same; with C. as same; as D. as same; with 4. ________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It Key: 1—4 BCAB 正確解分詞題的關鍵在于找準相關名詞,把握主動被動。如果該分詞與相關名詞有邏輯上的主動關系,就用現在分詞;如是被動關系,就用過去分詞。 1. 當分詞或分詞短語作定語時,其相關名詞是被修飾的名詞。 例1. The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 分析:空格至language是定語修飾textbooks, write與textbooks在邏輯上是被動關系,故用過去分詞,答案是D。 說明:由于后有時間狀語“在十六世紀”,故“寫”的動作已完成,不能用表將來的不定式被動式B項或表現在正在進行的動作的現在分詞被動式C項。 例 2. The picture ________ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 分析:空格至wall是定語修飾picture, hang與picture在邏輯上是主動關系,故用現在分詞,答案是B。 說明:圖畫掛在墻上是一種狀態,而D項的being hung表示正在被掛上去的動作,故為錯項。 2.當分詞或分詞短語作表語時,其相關名詞是句子的主語。 例 3. The film was really ________. We were greatly ________ while seeing it. A. moving; moving B. moved; moved C. moving; moved D. moved; moving 分析:本題兩個分詞均在連系動詞之后,故均為表語。film與move在邏輯上是主動關系,故第一個空用現在分詞,表“電影令人感動”。We與move在邏輯上是被動關系,故第二個空用過去分詞,表“我們深為感動”,答案是C。 3. 當分詞或分詞短語作狀語時,其相關名詞是句子的主語。 例 4. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information. A. hoped B. hopingC. to hope D. hope 分析:根據句意及句子結構,空格處是狀語。hope與主語He在邏輯上是主動關系,故用現在分詞,答案是B。 說明:空格前面有逗號,故空格處作狀語,不能選hoped作狀語。 例 5. ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 分析:空格處至1636是狀語,found與句子主語Harvard在邏輯上是被動關系,故用過去分詞,答案是C。 說明:1636后是逗號而不是句號,也沒有連詞and,故開頭部分不是句子,B為錯項。 例 6. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 分析:本題含有so...that引起的結果狀語從句。在結果狀語從句中,主語是nothing, begin與nothing在邏輯上是被動關系,故用過去分詞,答案是D。 例7. European football is played in 80 countries, ________ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 分析:空格處至結束是結果狀語。本題中與make相關的不是一個名詞而是European football is played in 80 countries這件事,它們二者在邏輯上是主動關系,故用現在分詞,答案是A。 說明:空格前面是逗號,沒有關系代詞which,故不能用作謂語的makes,也不能用作目的狀語的不定式,B、D為錯項。 4. 當分詞或分詞短語作賓補時,其相關名詞是賓語。 例 8. The next morning she found the man ________ in bed, dead. A. lying B. to lie C. lay D. laying 分析:本題中lie作賓補,補充說明賓語the man的狀態,且它與the man在邏輯上是主動關系,故用現在分詞,答案是A。 說明:根據本題句意,那人當時正躺在床上,故用現在分詞作賓補,B為錯項。 例9. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 分析:本題中that引導定語從句,see的賓語是that(指the plan),它與carry out在邏輯上是動賓關系,故用過去分詞作賓補,答案是C。 5. 當分詞或分詞短語作主語補足語時,其相關名詞是句子的主語。 例 10. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 分析:由于if從句的謂語動詞是被動語態,故空格處是補充說明主語he的主語補足語,smoke與he在邏輯上是主動關系,故用現在分詞,答案是B。 說明:注意前面的immediately,它強調了立即被解雇,則抽煙應該當時被發現,故不能用表示動作過程的不定式作主語補足語,C為錯項。 |
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