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[Performance] ------------------- 1) [lubrication] Under various conditions, the engine oil to reduce friction, slowing the ability to wear and to prevent the metal sintering, called the lubrication of the engine. The engine oil viscosity is an important indicator to assess the lubricity. ------------------- 2) low-temperature operability] Guarantee the performance of the engine easy to start at low temperatures and reliable oil supply, called the low temperature operability of the engine oil from the engine oil. Low temperature operability of the engine lubricating oil including low temperature starting and reduce starter wear two. Indicators to assess the engine lubricating oil low temperature operability of low-temperature dynamic viscosity, borderline pumping temperature and pour point. -------- Good viscosity-temperature of Lubricating oil temperature down and change the nature of the viscosity, called the viscosity-temperature resistance. Good viscosity-temperature, refers to the degree of change of oil viscosity with temperature is small. The impact of temperature on oil viscosity: temperature, viscosity decreases; lower the temperature, the viscosity increased. In the base oil viscosity index improvers, to improve oil viscosity-temperature resistance. From the deployment of low-viscosity base oil and viscosity index improver has a good viscosity-temperature resistance, while meeting the low-temperature use engine oil requirements, called thickening oil, or often said that the multi-grade oil. The assessment engine oil viscosity-temperature indicators is the viscosity index. ------------------- 3) [clean dispersion] The engine oil can inhibit carbon deposition, the film and sludge formation or removal performance of these sediments, called the engine oil clean dispersion. ---------- 1. The coke Hazard: (a) make the engine produce deflagration tendency to increase. b. coke formation of high-temperature source, easy to produce surface ignition, the engine power loss of 2% -15%. c coke deposition between the spark plug electrodes will lead to spark plug short-circuit, resulting in increased power to reduce fuel consumption. (d) valve closed lax, high temperature carbon particles will make the valve and valve seat ablation. e coke into the crankcase, causing the lubricant deterioration, clogged filter. Produce: Coke coverage in the cylinder head, spark plugs, fuel injectors, piston top, high-temperature region, the thickness of the solid carbon bar. It is the incomplete combustion engine oil string into the combustion chamber, flue gas and other substances decompose at high temperatures in the high-temperature parts of the deposition. ---------- 2 paint film Hazard: a. reduce the flexibility of piston rings, and even cause a sticky ring, so that the piston rings to the loss of sealing effect, resulting in power reduction. (b) the film thermal conductivity, resulting in piston overheating, resulting in the cylinder. Generated: The film is a solid, gloss paint-like film, mainly produced in the piston rings and piston skirt. Mainly hydrocarbons at high temperatures and metal catalysis. Under the action of, by oxidation, polymerization of the resin and asphaltene polymer. Generated by the impact of high-temperature sediments factors are: (coke and varnish is a high-temperature sediments) engine design and operating conditions. (b) the nature of the fuels and lubricants. --------- 3. Sludge Hazard: (a) to promote the engine oil aging deterioration, decreased lubrication. (b) plug the lubrication system. Generated: The sludge is a relatively stable oil-water emulsion body with a variety of impurities in the condensate, when you stop a car traveling in the city open, the engine is running under low temperature conditions for a prolonged period of time, easy to produce sludge in the sump. The impact of sludge generated factors are: (sludge belongs to the low-temperature deposition) engine operating conditions. (b) the nature of the fuel, lubricating oil. Engine oil base oil itself does not have the pure dispersion obtained by adding the detergent and dispersant. Mainly through the engine test assessment. ------------------- 4) [antioxidant] Under certain conditions, the engine oil against oxidative deterioration, called the engine oil oxidation. It was decided to use perishable parts corrosion and the tendency to form deposits is to determine the engine oil deadline engine oil. ------------------- 5) The corrosion resistance The engine oil capacity, resistance to corrosive substances on the corrosion of metal called the corrosion resistance of the engine oil. Indicators to assess the corrosion resistance of the engine oil is the value assessed through the appropriate engine test. ------------------- 6) anti-bullous Engine oil to eliminate the nature of the foam, called engine oil, anti-foaming properties. Subject to intense agitation, the air mixed with oil when the engine oil, it will bubble and foam, if not eliminate, will produce vapor lock, fuel shortage and other faults. Indicators to assess the engine oil anti-foam is generated foam pour and foam stability. ============================= [Add error] ------------------- Misunderstanding: When oil black in relation to oil change This understanding is not complete. Plus quiet dispersant lubricating oil, the color black has been a serious deterioration of performance of the oil, but modern automotive lubricants are generally added quiet decomposition agent. This quiet agent adhesion film and black carbon deposition on the piston wash down, and dispersed in the oil, reduce engine temperature the formation of the precipitate, the lubricant used for a period of time tend to darken the color, but this time the The oil is not fully degenerate. ------------------- Misconception two: lubricant can pay more more Amount of lubricating oil should be controlled on the Dipstick, under the scale between the lines as well. Because too much lubricating oil from the cylinder and piston clearance fleeing into the combustion chamber to form coke. These coke will increase the engine compression ratio, increasing the tendency to knock was a red-hot state; coke in the cylinder also easily lead to preignition, such as falling into the cylinder will exacerbate the wear of the cylinder and piston, but also accelerate the pollution lubricants. Secondly, lubricants excessive increase in the stirring resistance of the crankshaft connecting rod, fuel consumption increases. ------------------- Misunderstanding number three: additives useful Real quality lubricants with a variety of engine protection features of the finished product formulations containing a variety of additives, including anti-wear agent, and lubricants are the most luxurious formula balanced to give full play to protect a variety of performance. Add their own additives not only can not give extra protection to vehicles, but easy to react with chemicals in the oil, causing the performance degradation of the oil. ------------------- Myth: lubricants often add do not change Frequently check the oil is correct, but only added without replacing only to compensate for the deficiencies in the oil quantity, can not fully compensate for the loss of lubricant performance. Lubricants during use, due to pollution, oxidation and other reasons, the quality will gradually decline, while there will be some consumption, so reducing the number of ============================= [Identify the oil water content As a rule, allow the water content in the oil should be below 0.03%. When the water content of more than 0.1%, oil additives, antioxidants, pure dispersing agent will be separated, and thus accelerate the oil oxidation process. Oil oxidation of organic acids and engine exhaust emissions of acidic oxides and water react to generate inorganic acid. These acidic substances were added to the corrosion of the engine. The oil contains more water, oil lubrication is worse, the viscosity decreases, ranging from leading oil premature deterioration and mechanical rust; while serious mechanical accident caused the engine axle, bush-burning. ------------------- Oil in water content but also how can we identify it? 1, the concept of color method Cleaning standards of the oil was blue translucent. With the water is brown oil. When the engine running for some time, oil is milky white, accompanied by the foam. 2, the combustion method Copper rod heat into the oil is checked, if the "Pi" sound, indicating that the oil contains more water. Check oil can also be injected into the test tube heating, when the temperature close to 80 ° C to 100 ° C, in vitro produced "Pi" sound, then prove that the oil contains more water. 3, the water law After engine shutdown, engine still about 30 minutes, loose open the oil drain plug, if water is released, the oil contains more water. ============================= [Replace steps ------------------- The first step: run the engine to reach operating temperature. And then use the jack to vehicles from the top, pull the hand brake and front wheel with wooden wedges to squeeze onto. ------------------- Step two: the old oil containers placed in the sump below, find sump oil drain bolt, and slowly twist open the oil drain plug, be careful not to come into contact with hot oil. Allow oil to drip for some time. Check the oil drain bolt, reinstall the oil drain plug, pay attention to do not to screw the bolts too tight, to prevent the oil pan damage. ------------------- The third step: will Shengyou Rong moved to the bottom of the oil filter, oil filter wrench filter loosen, and then hand screw. If the filter is still hot, and remember to wear gloves. Even before the filter tighten very tight, do not have to worry about damaged filter, will be in the process is removed without damaging the interface screws to install filter and filter the surrounding parts can, after all, remove the filter we are no longer to use. ------------------- The fourth step: Refer to the user manual to choose the right oil filter. ------------------- Step Five: Use the interface of the new oil painting new filter gasket. If the filter mounting position is vertical, pour some new oil in the filter, so the next time the engine is started to reduce the dry grinding. Hand filter screwed into the method in accordance with the instructions will filter tighten (usually in the hand filter Tighten and then screwed into the 3/4 circle). ------------------- Step 6: the new oil into the oil pan, pay attention to the light of the introduction of user manual. Can use a funnel to prevent the oil down in the engine external. The lower part of the check engine for leaks. If there is no leak, put down the vehicle, check the oil feet, and start the engine to start after the indicator light on the meter should be immediately extinguished. Finally, turn off the engine double check the amount of oil, according to local regulations dealing with the old oil and filter. ============================= 【Article is excerpted from: Baidu Encyclopedia】 【Network reprint / Just reference】 【Translation is by Goolge】 |
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