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原文地址: http://article./view/195091/160220 Where Unconscious Memories Form 潛意識(shí)記憶在大腦何處形成？ ScienceDaily (Dec. 17, 2010) — A small area deep in the brain called the perirhinal cortex is critical for forming unconscious conceptual memories, researchers at the UC Davis Center for Mind and Brain have found. 每日科學(xué)（2010.12.17）-- 加州大學(xué)戴維斯心腦研究中心的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，大腦深處的一個(gè)叫邊緣皮層的小區(qū)域?qū)撘庾R(shí)概念性記憶的形成至關(guān)重要。 The perirhinal cortex was thought to be involved, like the neighboring hippocampus, in \'declarative\' or conscious memories, but the new results show that the picture is more complex, said lead author Wei-chun Wang, a graduate student at UC Davis. 第一作者加州大學(xué)戴維斯中心的研究生王維春說，以前大家認(rèn)為邊緣皮層像鄰近的海馬回組織一樣，要參與產(chǎn)生“陳述性”記憶或意識(shí)記憶的過程。但是最新研究成果表明，實(shí)際情況更復(fù)雜。 The results were published Dec. 9 in the journal Neuron. 研究結(jié)果發(fā)表于12月9號(hào)的《神經(jīng)元》雜志。 We\'re all familiar with memories that rise from the unconscious mind. Imagine looking at a beach scene, said Wang. A little later, someone mentions surfing, and the beach scene pops back into your head. 我們對(duì)由潛意識(shí)而產(chǎn)生的記憶都不陌生。王維春說，想象一下你眼前出現(xiàn)了海灘，過一會(huì)兒，某個(gè)人說起沖浪，海灘的情景就一下子蹦回你的腦海。 Declarative memories, in contrast, are those where we recall being on that beach and watching that surf competition: \'I remember being there.\' 相反地，我們記起在海灘上觀看沖浪比賽時(shí)的情景，“我記得我去過那兒。”此時(shí)，產(chǎn)生的是陳述性記憶。 Damage to a structure called the hippocampus affects such declarative \'I remember\' memories, but not conceptual memories, Wang said. Neuroscientists had previously thought the same was true for the perirhinal cortex, which is located immediately next to the hippocampus. 王說，被稱作海馬回的結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷會(huì)影響諸如“我記得”之類的陳述性記憶，但不影響潛意識(shí)概念性記憶。過去，神經(jīng)學(xué)家認(rèn)為緊鄰著海馬回的邊緣皮層的損傷也會(huì)影響陳述性記憶。 Wang and colleagues carried out memory tests on people diagnosed with amnesia, who had known damage to the perirhinal cortex or other brain areas. They also carried out functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans of healthy volunteers while they performed memory tests. 王和同事對(duì)大腦邊緣皮層或其他大腦區(qū)域有損傷的健忘癥患者進(jìn)行了記憶力測(cè)試。對(duì)健康受試者，他們一邊進(jìn)行記憶力測(cè)試，一邊進(jìn)行功能性磁共振成像掃描。 In a typical test, they gave the subjects a long list of words, such as chair, table or spoon, and asked them to think about how pleasant they were. 在一個(gè)典型的測(cè)試中，他們給了受試者一長串的單詞，如椅子、桌子或湯匙等，并要求他們想象他們是多么愜意。 Later, they asked the subjects to think up words in different categories, such as \'furniture.\' 隨后，他們要求受試者想出其他不同類別的詞，如家具。 Amnesiacs with damage to the perirhinal cortex performed poorly on the tests, while the same brain area lit up in fMRI scans of the healthy control subjects. 大腦邊緣皮層有損傷的健忘癥患者在測(cè)試中表現(xiàn)不佳，而功能性磁共振成像掃描顯示健康受試者的大腦同一部位卻表現(xiàn)活躍。 The study helps us understand how memories are assembled in the brain and how different types of brain damage might impair memory, Wang said. For example, Alzheimer\'s disease often attacks the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex before other brain areas. 王說，這項(xiàng)研究有助于我們理解記憶是如何在大腦中形成的，以及不同類型的腦損傷是如何削弱人的記憶力的。例如，相比于其他腦組織，海馬狀組織和邊緣皮層常常成為阿爾茨海默氏?。ㄔ缒晷园V呆?。┳钕惹忠u的對(duì)象。 Co-authors on the study are Andy Yonelinas, professor of psychology and at the Center for Mind and Brain; Charan Ranganath, professor at the Center for Neuroscience; former UC Davis graduate student Michele Lazzara, now project coordinator at the University of Illinois at Chicago; and Robert Knight, professor of psychology at UC Berkeley. 此項(xiàng)研究的合作者包括：心腦研究中心的心理學(xué)教授安迪·昂立納斯，神經(jīng)科學(xué)中心的教授查蘭·蘭加納特，加州大學(xué)戴維斯中心往屆研究生邁克爾·拉扎拉和加州伯克利分校心理學(xué)教授羅伯特·奈特。 The work was funded by the National Institutes of Health. 這項(xiàng)研究由美國國家健康協(xié)會(huì)資助。 Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff. 聲明：本文無意提供醫(yī)學(xué)建議、診斷或治療手段。所陳述觀點(diǎn)不代表本刊或其工作人員觀點(diǎn)。 Story Source: 新聞來源： The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by ScienceDaily staff) from materials provided by University of California - Davis. 以上報(bào)道轉(zhuǎn)載于加州大學(xué)戴維斯中心提供的資料（每日科學(xué)的編者做過修改）。 Journal Reference: 引文： Wei-Chun Wang, Michele M. Lazzara, Charan Ranganath, Robert T. Knight, Andrew P. Yonelinas. The Medial Temporal Lobe Supports Conceptual Implicit Memory. Neuron, 2010; 68 (5): 835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.009. Wei-Chun Wang, Michele M. Lazzara, Charan Ranganath, Robert T. Knight, Andrew P. Yonelinas. 內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉對(duì)概念隱形記憶的支持作用. 《神經(jīng)元》.2010; 68 (5): 835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.009. |
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