非謂語動詞做賓語補足語的區別

 A    固定句型sb/sth be said/believed/ reported/ considered/ thought to do /to be doing /to have done要分清

【練習】

 1 Linda is thought to_____ in Africa, but I really don’t know what country she’s working in. A. have worked B. work C. be working D. be worked

2 Robert is said _____ abroad ,but I don’t know what country he studied in. 

A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying 

3 The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 

A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 

4 John Bell was generally considered ________ the first telephone.

 A inventing B to invent C having invented D to have invented 

【答案】

1-4 CACD

 B     弄清以下搭配及其意義 

1.  感官動詞see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面的賓補有3種形式（do/doing/done），doing表主動或正在進行，done表被動或完成，do表主動和完成（被動句中to 還原）。

2.   leave后接3種形式做賓補。

leave sb to do sth/ leave sth to be done, leave sb doing sth, leave sth undone e.g. He left, leaving me to to all the rest work. （主動，將來） 

We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled。（被動，將來）

 It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. (主動，正在進行) 

The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.（被動，完成）

3.   have, get, make后接3種形式，表示“使，讓，叫”

 have sb do/ doing have sth to do have sth done

 get sb to do sth 

get sth done make sb do sth

4.  with復合結構，to do表示動作未發生（主動或被動），doing表示主動，正在進行的動作，done表示被動和完成的動作。 

總的原則：   分析作賓補的動詞與邏輯主語即句子賓語之間的邏輯關系，再結合動作發生的時間（未發生、正在發生或已經發生）來選擇合適的形式。

1 Don't leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth. 

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 

2 My advisor encouraged ______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. 

A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to takeD. me to take 

3 Helen had to shout ______ above the sound of the music. 

A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 

4 Laws that punish parents for their little children's actions against the laws get parents ______. 

A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 

5 The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ______ as the plane was making a landing. 

A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 

6 He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. 

A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting

 7 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen. 

A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 

8The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the East Lake. 

A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 

9 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ___ the next year. 

A carry out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 

10 The result of the election was not made _____until last Friday. 

A knowing B known C to know D to be known 

11 The terrible gunshot sent people ____ in all directions from the villagers. 

A to run B running C to walk D flying 

12 who would you rather ____with you to the park, John or Tom? 

A to go B have gone C have go D going 

【答案】

   1-5 BDDAC                   6-10 DBACB                              11-12 BC