gcc 4.8.1 是第一個完全支持C++11 的編譯器。下文是如何在Ubuntu 12.04, Ubuntu 13.04 或 Ubuntu 12.10中通過PPA安裝GCC 4.8的步驟。PPA為Ubuntu用戶提供了GCC 4.7.3 和 GCC 4.8.1兩個版本。在Ubuntu12.04 LTS默認安裝的是gcc4.6.3,該版本只支持部分c++11的特性,可以通過增加“-std=c++0x" 編譯選項來使用這些特性,但是對多線程庫的支持較差。你可以參考下文的步驟,來升級系統中的gcc,g++版本。 安裝步驟: 1) Ctrl+Alt+T打開終端,執行如下命令adding PPA to your repositories: test@test:/install$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test 2) 安裝gcc 4.8 和 g++ 4.8 test@test:/install$ sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8 3) 裝完后,依次執行如下命令將系統默認的gcc,g++編譯器版本設置為4.8版本 test@test:/install$ sudo update-alternatives --remove-all gcc update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for gcc. test@test:/install$ sudo update-alternatives --remove-all g++ update-alternatives:
error: no alternatives for g++. update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 to provide /usr/bin/gcc (gcc) in auto mode. test@test:/install$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 20 update-alternatives:
using /usr/bin/g++-4.8 to provide /usr/bin/g++ (g++) in auto mode. test@test:/install$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc There is only one alternative in link group gcc: /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 Nothing to configure. test@test:/install$ sudo update-alternatives --config g++ There is only one alternative in link group g++: /usr/bin/g++-4.8 Nothing to configure. 4) 安裝完畢。現在你的系統中已經默認使用gcc 4.8和g++ 4.8了。通過如下命令查看: test@test:/install$ g++ --version g++ (Ubuntu 4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04) 4.8.1 Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. test@test:/install$ gcc --version gcc (Ubuntu 4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04) 4.8.1 Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
譯文地址:http:///index.php/2013/08/install-gcc-4-8-via-ppa-in-ubuntu-12-04-13-04/ |
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