高級(jí)中學(xué)課本
英語 English
第三冊(cè) senior 3
人民教育出版社
高級(jí)中學(xué)課本英語第三冊(cè)是以《高級(jí)中學(xué)三年級(jí)暫用課本英語》為基礎(chǔ)，參考各地教師在試用期間提出的意見編訂而成的。
本冊(cè)由胡文靜、劉巖編訂。
北京外國語學(xué)院鄧炎昌教授審訂。
CONTENTS
LESSON ONE
PERSEVERANCE
Many years ago I stepped into a bookstore in Cincinnati in search of some books that I wanted. While I was there, a poor little boy, not over twelve years of age, came in to ask whether they had geographies to sell.
“Plenty of them,” was the salesman’s reply.
“How much do they cost?”
“One dollar, my lad.”
“I didn’t know they cost so much.”
He turned to go out and even opened the door, but closed it again and came back. “I have only sixty-two cents,” he said. “Will you let me have the book and wait a little while for the rest of the money?”
How eagerly the lad looked for an answer, and how disappointed he seemed when the man refused him his request! The little fellow looked up at me with a weak smile, and left the store. I followed him.
“And what now?” I asked.
“I shall try another place, sir.”
“Do you mind if I go too and see how you succeed?”
“If you like,” he said in surprise.
Four different stores I entered with him, and four times I saw the boy’s face turn to disappointment.
“Are you going to try again?” I asked.
“Yes, sir. I shall try them all, or I shall not know whether I could get one.”
We entered the fifth store and the little fellow walked straight up and told the gentleman just what he wanted and how much money he had.
“Do you want the book very much?” asked the bookseller.
“Yes, sir, very much.”
“Why do you want it so much?”
“To study, sir. I cannot go to school, but when I have time I study at home. All the boys have geographies and they will be ahead of me if I do not get one. Besides, my father was a sailor, and I want to know about the places he used to go to.”
“Does he go to those places now?”
“He is dead,” replied the boy, softly. In a moment he added, “I’m going to be a sailor, too.”
“Are you, my boy?” asked the gentleman, raising his eyebrows curiously.
“Yes, sir, if I live.”
“Well, my lad, I’ll tell you what I will do. I’ll let you have the new geography and you may pay me the remainder of the money when you can, or I will let you have one that is not new for fifty cents.”
“Are the leaves all in it and is it just like the others, only not new?”
“Yes, it’s as good as the new ones.”
“It’ll do just as well then, and I shall have twelve cents left to buy some other book. I’m glad they didn’t let me have one at any of the other places.”
At the boy’s last remark the bookseller looked at him. What did the boy mean? I told him what I had seen and heard at the five other places. When the boy had bought the book, the bookseller gave him a nice new pencil and some clean white paper.
“A present my lad, for you perseverance. Always have courage like that and you will make your mark.” said the bookseller.
“Thank you, sir, it’s very kind of you.”
“What is your name, my lad?”
“William Hartley, sir.”
“Do you want any more books?” I now asked, earnestly regarding the boy’s serious face.
“More than I can ever get,” he replied.
I gave him two dollars. “The money will buy some for you,” I said.
Tears of joy came into his eyes.
“May I buy what I want with it?”
“Yes, my lad, whatever you want.”
“Then I’ll buy a book for Mother,” he said. “I thank you very much, and some day I hope I can repay you.”
He asked my name and I gave it to him. Then I left him standing by the counter so happy that I almost envied him.
Many years later, I was going to Europe on one of the finest ships that ever ploughed the waters of the Atlantic. We had pleasant weather the greater part of the voyage, but toward the end there came a terrible storm and the ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain.
A great leak was filling the ship with water. The crew was made up of strong and able men and the mates were experienced seamen of the first class. But after pumping for one whole night with the water still gaining upon them, the sailors gave up in despair.
The captain, who had been below, now came up. He saw how matters stood.
He ordered every man to his position. It was surprising to see those strong men bow before his strong will and hurry back to the pumps. The captain then started below to look for the leak. As he passed me I asked him whether there was any hope of saving the ship.
He looked at me. “Yes, sir,” he said, “so long as one inch of this deck remains above water, there is hope. Only when that fails shall I leave the ship, but not before that, nor shall any of my crew. Everything shall be done to save the ship, and if we fail, it will not be our fault.” Then he turned to all of us passengers on the board and said, “Every one of you, at the pumps!”
Three times during that day we gave up in despair. But the captain’s courage, perseverance, and powerful will mastered every man on board, and we went to work again. “I will land you safe in Liverpool,” he said, “if you will be men.”
And in the end he did land us safe, but the ship sank soon after she reached Liverpool. The captain stood on the deck of the sinking ship receiving the thanks of the passengers as they hurried off the ship.
As I passed, he grasped my hand and said, “Sir, do you not recognize me?” I told him that I did not.
“Do you remember the boy whom you followed when he had so much difficulty in getting a geography, some thirty years ago, in Cincinnati?”
“Why yes, I remember that boy very well. His name was William Hartley.”
“I am William Hartley,” said the captain. “God bless you!”
“And may God bless you too, Captain Hartley,” I said. “The perseverance that thirty years ago got you that geography has today saved our lives.”
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
Perseverance n. 毅力；堅(jiān)持；不屈不撓
Bookstore （美）= bookshop n. 書店
Cincinnati n. 辛辛那提（美國俄亥俄州一城市）
Search n., vt. & vi. 搜尋；尋找 in search of 尋找；追求
Geography n. 地理書
Salesman n. 售貨員，店員
Lad n. 少年；小伙子
Request n. & vt. 請(qǐng)求；要求
Store（美）= shop n. 商店
Disappointment n.失望；沮喪；使人失望的人或事
Bookseller n.書商
Ahead of在……前面；優(yōu)于；勝過
Sailor n.海員，水手；水兵
Add vt.又說，補(bǔ)充說
Eyebrow n.眉毛
Remainder n.剩余物；其余的人；余數(shù)
Leaf (pl. leaves) n.（書刊等的）一張（兩面）
Remark n.話；評(píng)論 vt. & vi.說；評(píng)論
Make one’s mark 成功；出名
William Hartley威廉.哈特利（男名）
Earnestly adv.熱心地；認(rèn)真地
Regard vt.看，注視
Whatever adj. & pron.無論什么，不管什么
Repay vt.償還；報(bào)答
Counter n.柜臺(tái)
Envy n. & vt.羨慕；忌妒
Afterward(s) adv.后來；以后
Voyage n.航海；航行
On board在船（飛機(jī)、車）上
Leak n.漏洞，漏隙
Crew n.全體船員；全體乘務(wù)員
Mate n.（商船的）大副；助手
Experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；老練的
Seaman n.船員，海員，水手
Pump n.泵；抽水機(jī)；打氣機(jī)（筒） vt.用泵抽水（打氣）
Despair n.絕望；失望
Will n.意志；決心；愿望
So long as只要
Deck n.甲板，艙面
Fail vi.失敗；不及格
Fault n.缺點(diǎn)；錯(cuò)誤；過失
Liverpool n.利物浦（英國西部港市）
Bless vt.保佑；降福
NOTES TO THE TEXT
1. In search of some books相當(dāng)于trying to find some books。
in search of意思是searching for (something or someone)。又如：
I looked everywhere in search of my glasses.我到處尋找我的眼鏡。
They went into the woods in search of the lost child.他們到樹林里去尋找失蹤的孩子。
2. I shall try them all, or I shall not know whether I could get one.我要到所有的書店都去試試看，不然，我就不會(huì)知道能不能買到一本。
all可以放在直接賓語或間接賓語之后，但這個(gè)賓語必須是賓格人稱代詞。又如：
I know them all.他們我都認(rèn)識(shí)。
A Happy New Year to you all.祝你們大家新年快樂。
He sent us all presents.他托人給我們大家都捎來了禮物。
or I shall not know whether I could get one中的could可改為can。用could說明買到書的可能性很小。在這里could和can都指將來時(shí)間，時(shí)間上沒有差別。
3. … I want to know about the places he used to go to.……我想了解他過去常去的那些地方的情況。
know about something or someone意思是have information about something or someone（了解關(guān)于某事或某人的情況）。
You can’t fool me, I know about your secret plan!你騙不了我，我知道你的鬼把戲！
I don’t know him, but I know a little about him.我不認(rèn)識(shí)他，但是我聽說過他。
he used to go to是定語從句（前面省略了that）,修飾places
4. if I live只要我活著。（除非我死了。）
if在這里的意思是as (so) long as（只要）。
5. It’ll do just as well then, and I shall have twelve cents left to buy some other book.那也可以，而且我還可以剩下十二美分去買別的書。
It’ll do just as well then = It’ll do just as well as the new ones then
do在這里的意思是be fit or able to be used for a purpose（適合，可用，行，可以）。又如：
If you don’t have a pen, a pencil will do.你如果沒有鋼筆，鉛筆也行。
The little bed will do for my little sister.這張小床給我小妹妹睡就可以。
I shall have twelve cents left中的left是過去分詞，作賓語twelve cents的補(bǔ)足語。
6. At the boy’s last remark the bookseller looked at him.聽到那男孩最后的那句話，賣書的人就看著他。
句中第一個(gè)介詞at表示動(dòng)作、感情的原因，意思是“因……而；見（聽）……而；一……就”。又如：
I was frightened at the news.我聽到那個(gè)消息嚇了一跳。
She was very pleased at her son’s achievements.她因兒子取得的成績而非常高興。
The baby stopped crying at the sight of his mother.這嬰兒一看到母親就不哭了。
7. More than I can ever get. (= I want more books than I can ever get.)我要的書多著呢（我買多少書也不夠）。(直譯：我要的書比我能買到的要多。)
副詞ever在這里的意思是at any time，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。又如：
The temptation is greater than I can ever resist.這誘惑力之大，我總是抵擋不住。
Her remarks hurt him more than she will ever know.她始終想不到她的話會(huì)那樣傷他的心。
8. Whatever you want = you can buy whatever you want你要什么，就買什么吧。
whatever在此意為any thing that（無論，不管，凡是……的）。又如：
You may do whatever you like.你愛干什么，就可以干什么。
They had to eat whatever they could find.他們只好能找到什么，就吃什么。
9. Then I left him standing by the counter so happy that I almost envied him.然后我離開了他，他站在柜臺(tái)旁，是那么高興，我真有點(diǎn)羨慕他。
現(xiàn)在分詞短語standing by the counter …是賓語him的補(bǔ)足語。
so … that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句I almost envied him修飾happy，表示結(jié)果。
10. … the ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain. = the ship would have sunk with all on board if it had not been for the captain.要不是有那位船長，就會(huì)連船帶人都沉沒了。
在書面語中，條件從句中如有were, had或should, 可以不用連詞if，而將were, had或should移到句首。例如：Were I in your position, I would not give it up. (=If I were in your position,…)要是我處在你的地位，我就不放棄。
Had he found it, he would have sent it. (If he had found it, …)如果他找到了，就會(huì)送來了。
Should it rain tomorrow, I would not go.(If it should rain tomorrow, …)要是明天下雨，我就不去。
11. But after pumping for one whole night with the water still gaining upon them, the sailors gave up in despair.但是水手們抽了一整夜以后，水仍然漸漸地趕上了他們，他們便絕望地停下來不干了。
with the water still gaining upon them用作狀語，表示原因，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞gave up。
gain upon在這里意思是get closer to（趕上，逼近）。又如：
Tom was gaining upon the other runners.湯姆漸漸趕上其他的賽跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員了。
We were gaining upon the enemy.我們漸漸逼近敵人。
12. He saw how matters stood.（相當(dāng)于He saw how things were.或He saw how serious the situation was.）他明白了情況是怎么樣了。
see在此意為understand。又如：
I don’t see what you mean.我不明白你的意思。
stand在這里的意思是be in a certain condition or situation。又如：
How do things stand at the moment?目前情況怎樣？
The matter stands thus. (=This is the state of affairs.)情況就是這樣。
13. … so long as one inch of this deck remains above water, there is hope.……只要這船的甲板還有一寸保持在水面上，就還有希望。
so (as) long as意思是on condition that （只要）。又如：
Don’t worry. You’ll do all right, so long as you follow his advice.別發(fā)愁。只要你聽從他的勸告，你就會(huì)干得很好的。
You’ll get there in time, so long as the bus doesn’t break down.只要公共汽車不拋錨，你就可以及時(shí)到達(dá)那里。
14. Everything shall be done to save the ship, …一定要竭盡全力來拯救這艘船，……
shall在陳述句中可用于第二人稱或第三人稱，表示說話人的強(qiáng)烈意志和決心。在這里shall必然重讀。又如：You shall do what I tell you (to do).我叫你干什么，你就得干什么。
Nothing shall stop me。什么也不能阻止我。
15. If you will be men要是你們是男子漢的話。
man在這里是“男子漢”、“男子氣概”的意思。又如：Be a man!拿出點(diǎn)男子氣概（勇氣）來！
The little boy tried to be a man, but tears came to his eyes because of the pain.這小男孩想盡量顯得勇敢，但是由于疼痛還是流出了眼淚。
EXERCISES
Ⅰ. Choose the right answer:
1. The writer went to a bookstore .
1) in search of some geographies
2) to buy some dictionaries
3) to try to find some books he wanted
4) to look for a friend
2. The little boy was .
1) less than twelve years old
2) less than eleven years old
3) not more than twelve years old
4) more than thirteen years old
3. The little boy who wanted to buy had .
1) a mathematics textbook … only sixty cents
2) a book about history … only one dollar
3) a grammar book … only fifty cents
4) a book about geography … only sixty-two cents
4. The boy looked when the salesman refused him his request.
1) sad
2) surprised
3) nervous
4) astonished
5. The man who followed the boy and wanted to see how he succeeded was .
1) the boy’s father
2) the boy’s uncle
3) a stranger to the boy
4) a friend of the boy’s
6. After the fifth bookstore, the boy decided in order to know whether he could get one.
1) to try one more bookstore
2) to try all the bookstores
3) to try two more bookstores
4) to try four more bookstores
7. The boy wanted to get a geography and he wanted to .
1) to learn with his friend … be a captain
2) to learn by himself … be a sailor
3) to study with his mother … be a mate
4) to study with his brother … be a seaman
8. The boy was very happy because he got an old book in store for only .
1) the sixth … fifty cents
2) the third … twelve cents
3) the fourth … sixty cents
4) the second … forty cents
9. The bookseller sold the boy a book and also gave him as a present for his .
1) a book … courage
2) a new pen … bravery
3) a new pencil … powerful will
4) a new pencil and some white paper … perseverance
10. Years later, William Hartley became and he met with the writer on his ship.
1) Fifty … a sailor
2) Twenty … a seaman
3) Thirty … a captain
4) Forty … a mate
Ⅱ. Use suitable words or phrase from the text to complete the following passage:
Many years ago the writer a bookstore in search of some books he wanted. While there, he saw a little boy, years old, come into the store. The boy wanted to buy . Geographies one dollar each, but he had only cents. The writer decided to follow the boy to see whether he would succeed. Different stores they entered, and times the boy was disappointed. But the boy was determined to try to see whether he could get one. Luckily at store he got one that was for fifty cents.
Having learned why the boy the book , the bookseller not only sold him the book, but also gave him a new pencil and some clean white paper as for his .
Tears of came into the boy’s eyes when the writher gave him dollars and told him to buy he liked. He the man and said that he hoped he could him some day. Many years , the writer went to on ships that had ever sailed the Ocean. There was pleasant weather the greatest part of the , but there came and the ship would have sunk if it had not been for .
Water was filling the ship through a great .
The crew was made up of and men and the mates were of the first class. But after they had pumped for , the water was still them. So the sailors gave up . Now the captain came up from below and saw how matters . Immediately he ordered the sailors and all the passengers to work . times during that day they gave up in despair. But the captain’s , and mastered every man, and they went to work again. And he the passengers safe in Liverpool, but the ship soon after she reached there.
As the writer followed the other passengers off the ship, the captain and asked whether he him. He said that he was the boy whom the writer had followed when he had had so much in getting a geography years ago.
The writer thanked the captain and said that the that had got him that geography thirty years ago had that day.
Ⅲ. Learn the following:
A. Bookstore bookshop bookstall bookcase bookshelf bookstand bookmark bookseller bookworm booklover
B. Guidebook handbook notebook pocketbook schoolbook textbook storybook exercise book
Ⅳ. Match the words and phrases given under A with the meanings under B. List B has some extra items.
A B
1. search a. complete loss of hope
2. eyebrow b. be unsuccessful
3. remainder c. long journey by water
4. whatever d. having gained knowledge
5. repay e. the part of the body between the head and chest
6. envy f. power in the mind to choose one’s actions
7. voyage g. examine carefully in order to find something
8. experienced h. what is left
9. despair i. line of hair on the face above the eye
10. will j. at any time that
11. fail k. feel unhappy because someone is luckier or better than oneself
12. make one’s mark l. gain success
m. pay back
n. anything or everything that
Ⅴ. Fill in each blank with the proper word from the list given below:
Salesman lad bookseller seaman geography leak sailor crew bookstore leaf remark pump
1. A is a man who sells goods in a shop.
2. A is a boy or young man.
3. A is the owner or manager of a bookstore.
4. A is something said or written in few words.
5. A is a hole through which liquid or gas wrongly makes its way in or out.
6. The is the group of people working on a ship, a plane, a bus, or a train.
7. A is a person who works on a ship.
8. A is a machine for forcing liquids, air or gas into or out of something.
9. A is part of a book, each side of which is a page.
10. A is a sailor on a ship, other than an officer.
Ⅵ. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase you have learned from the text:
1. I looked everywhere in the house a book that had been lost.
2. Hard work, will power and perseverance are the things needed to .
3. The bookstore is five departments.
4. you work with a strong will, you will surely make progress.
5. The boy is all the others in his class.
6. I the town, but I’ve never been there.
7. Run faster – Li Ming is us.
8. He fell and hurt his arm as he the ship.
9. You can have you want.
10. He did that at her .
Ⅶ. Suppose the first column shows your school timetable for Monday.
Monday Tuesday Wednesday
A.M. A.M. A.M.
1. Chinese 1. 1.
2. History 2. 2.
3. Geometry 3. 3.
4. P. E. 4. 4.
P. M. P. M. P. M.
1. Geography 1. 1.
2. Maths 2. 2.
Working in pairs, ask each other questions about the timetable for Tuesday and Wednesday. Then fill in the timetable with the lessons for the rest of the school days.
Ⅷ. Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
How Much Land Does a Man Need?
Many years ago, there lived a farmer who wanted to be rich and own a lot of land. A stranger told him of some land for sale nearby. The farmer bought the land. He was content for a while but then again wished to own even more land. The stranger told him of some other land. The farmer bought this land too. This happened several times. The farmer was glad to be increasing his property holdings, but he was never satisfied. The more land he bought, the more he wanted.
One day, the stranger offered to do something for the man. The stranger said that he had a friend some distance away who would sell the farmer all the land he needed for only $300. The farmer went to visit the friend. The friend said that for $300 the farmer could have all the land he might cover by traveling on foot from sunrise to sunset. The farmer was supposed to walk as far as possible within the time, mark the spot and return before sunset. If he arrived late, he would lose both the land and the money.
The farmer agreed and went to bed early that night in order to be well rested for his trip the next day. But he did not sleep well. He dreamed that it was the devil himself who was tempting him. His greed for land was so great, however, that at sunrise he was dressed and ready to leave. He walked and ran all morning in order to cover as much ground as possible. On the return trip he was very tired. He walked slowly, and at the end he had to run a great distance in order to get back before sundown. When he arrived, he fell down exhausted. He died without ever getting up.
At the burial a few days later, the stranger had a smile on his face as he said, “Now the old man has all the land he needs – exactly six feet of it in which to lie. I hope he’s satisfied.”
1. What did the farmer want?
2. Who told him of some land for sale nearby?
3. Was the farmer content after he bought the land?
4. What happened several times? Was the farmer satisfied now?
5. What did the stranger offer to do for the farmer?
6. What did the stranger’s friend say to the farmer?
7. What did the farmer dream that night?
8. Why did he still get ready to leave at sunrise the next day?
9. What did the farmer do all morning? Why?
10. What did he have to do at the end? Why?
11. What happened to him when he got back?
12. Why did the stranger say the old man had all the land he needed in the end?
13. What can you learn from this story?
轉(zhuǎn)載
