2018高考英語語法專題練習：情態動詞與虛擬語氣（含答案和解析）

mxb08 2017-08-31

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情態動詞和虛擬語氣是歷年高考英語的必考知識點，虛擬語氣是整個語法系統中的難點，因此，學好它必須要靜下心來、花些力氣。今天，讓我們看看關于虛擬語氣和情態動詞的一些經典例題，你都會嗎？

Ⅰ. 單句語法填空

1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.

解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能長壽。所填詞表示能力，此處要表達我唯一“能”做的，而且根據wished判斷句子應該用一般過去時，所以填could。

2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.

解析：句意：既然你準備得很充分，通過即將到來的工作面試應該沒問題。根據since提供的原因“準備充分”可以判斷出，此處表示“按理說應該發生”的，故本空填情態動詞should。

3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.

解析：句意：為防止學生感染流感病毒，學生們在進校前要戴上口罩，這一點大家都已接受。在第三人稱作主語的陳述句中，表示規定、規則，用shall。

4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.

解析：句意：如果你愿意的話，現在我想讓你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意為“我想做……”。

5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.

解析：句意：任何人都會有困難的時候，無論他是“白富美”還是“高富帥”。此處是情態動詞用于陳述句中，表示“一時的情況”，故用情態動詞can。

6．(2014·福建，32)__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

解析：句意：如果沒有現代通信手段，我們需要等待數周才能獲得來自世界各地的新聞。由句意和主句中的“would＋動詞原形”可知，逗號前是一個表示與現在事實相反的從句，應為if there were...。此處條件句中的if省略，把were提到主語前，故填Were。

7．(2014·陜西)We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

解析：句意：我們寧愿讓女兒和我們一起待在家里，可那是她的選擇，而且她也不再是個孩子了。would rather后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，用一般過去時表示與現在或將來相反的事實。

8．(2014·重慶，13)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it?

解析：句意：是約翰打破了窗戶。你為什么以好像是我打破了的語氣對我說話？as if引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞與wish引導的賓語從句的虛擬語氣形式相同。結合語境可知，此處表示對過去的虛擬，填had done。

9．(2016·石家莊二模)—What a slow bus this is!

—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.

解析：may/might as well不妨……。

10．(2014·四川，6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.

解析：句意：我仍然記得我的幸福童年，那時我母親總會在周末帶我去迪士尼樂園。would表示過去的一種習慣。

Ⅱ. 語法填空

在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．

Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.

__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.

I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!

解析：

1．thing后是非限制性定語從句，引導詞在從句中作主語，故填which。

2．after在此是介詞，后跟動名詞。

3．修飾was drunk用副詞。

4．由didn't notice判斷，該空所用詞表示轉折，故填but。

5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠詞。

6．根據主句中的would not have happened判斷，逗號前面是一個虛擬語氣的條件句，句子的謂語應用had done形式；但是因為省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判斷出該空填Had。

7．if引導的是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句子，故應用過去完成時，填hadn't died。

8．集體名詞family在此是被看作整體，此處指“兩個家庭”，應用其復數形式families。

9．wish后的從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與現在事實相反的情況，所以填could。

10．refuse后用動詞不定式作賓語，refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。

Ⅲ.單句改錯