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06、酒和茶 酒和茶能給人增加生活情趣，可是不懂生活藝術的人，就享受不到這種情趣。飲酒喝茶都要慢慢品嘗，細細玩味，才能得到美妙的感受。能有幾樣可口的小菜，兩三位談得來的朋友，大家聚在一起小斟，那真是人生樂事。至于喝茶，就是沒有朋友陪伴，也可以一人獨享。如果有一杯新茶，一卷好書，坐在那兒慢慢地享受，可能比做皇帝還自在呢。 參考翻譯： Liquor and tea add spice tolife, which cannot be appreciated without a knowledge of the art of life. Onehas to sip and savor both liquor and tea so as to appreciate their fascinatingpleasures. It is great pleasure in life to drink with two or three intimatefriends, while eating delicious food. As for tea, one can enjoy it alone,without the company of friends. It is more pleasurable than being an emperor toenjoy oneself in leisure with a cup of fresh tea and a good book. 07、種花賞花 種花和賞花是中國人日常的消遣。在詩人和畫家的筆下，花兒更是多姿多彩。一年四季中，有許多種花兒先后開放。中國人最愛的花兒，有牡丹、荷花、菊花、梅花。春天是牡丹盛開的時節。夏天荷花盛開，它雖然從污泥中生長出來，卻是純潔芳香，很像高尚的君子。秋風吹起，樹上的葉子落了，只有菊花不怕風霜，傲然開放。在冰天雪地的冬天，沒有一點兒生氣，梅花仍然在風雪中盛開。梅花最能代表中國人不屈不撓的精神。 參考翻譯： Planting and admiring flowersare a daily-life recreation of Chinese people. Flowers are diversely beautifulin the works of poets and painters. Many kinds of flowers appear in successivebloom through the seasons. Some of the favorite flowers in China are peonies,lotuses, chrysanthemums and plum blossoms. Spring is the ideal time forpeonies. In summer, lotuses are in full bloom, pure and fragrant like noblegentlemen, though they emerge from the dirty mud. When the autumn wind blowsoff the leaves, the chrysanthemums blossom against wind and frost. In thelifeless winter world of ice and snow, plum blossoms are in full bloom againstwind and snow. The Chinese consider plum blossoms to be representative of theirown enduring spirit. 08、琴棋書畫 中國人最懂得消遣，中國從前的讀書人，閑暇時間以琴棋書畫作為消遣。在中國人看來，藝術品的好壞，意味著作者人格的高低，所以彈琴、下棋、寫字和繪畫，都代表著一個人的修養。彈琴不是要做音樂家，而是隨著美妙的琴聲，進入一個遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負，而是磨練耐性和使人眼光遠大。寫字不僅是把字寫漂亮，同時也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫則是借著畫面上的簡單線條，表現自己的想象的世界。 參考翻譯： Chinese people have the bestidea about recreation. Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves throughmusic, chess, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time. In the eyes ofthe Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the characterof the creator. Thus, playing musical instruments, playing chess, writingcalligraphy or painting show one's culture. By playing music, one does not aimto be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying one's soul in thebeautiful music. By playing chess, one does not aim to be the winner but tocultivate patience and foresight. By calligraphy, one aims not only to writebeautifully but also to improve his mind. Through painting, one expresses animaginary world with simple lines. 09、中國菜系 中國一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個民族都有其獨特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環境、氣候、文化傳統、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經過悠久歷史的發展已經成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區分的，各有其長處。 參考翻譯： China is a time-honoredmulti-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and everyethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shapeafter long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment,climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The mostinfluential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight MajorCuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized bydiversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points. 10、指南針 中國是世界上公認發明指南針的國家。早在2400多年前，中國人就創造出世界上最早的指南針。后來經過不斷改進，到宋朝(the Song Dynasty)人們制造出鐵針指南針并應用于航海。中國是第一個在海船上使用指南針的國家。指南針為明代(the Ming Dynasty)鄭和下西洋提供了條件。后來指南針傳入歐洲，推動了歐洲航海事業的發展為，哥倫布(Columbus)的航行提供了技術保證。 參考翻譯： China is universallyrecognized as the country having invented the compass. As early as 2,400 yearsago, Chinese people created the earliest compass in the world. Later it wasfurther improved continuously. During the Song Dynasty, people produced the compasswith iron needles and applied it in navigation. China is the first countryusing the compass on seagoing ships. The compass provided aid for Zheng He'svoyages to the Western Ocean in the Ming Dynasty. Later the compass spread intoEurope, promoting the development of the European marineindustry and guaranteeing technical support for Columbus' navigation |
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