【原】你好，“局限性”的寫作！

重復一下小班長的觀點：太愛《The Journal of Nursing Management》這個雜志啦！初嘗試護理管理主題的老師可以去試一下這個雜志~

首先，大家一定見過很多中文護理核心上關于相關性研究的文獻，比如，

• [1]侯向華,張學長,孫丹丹,張情,張立文,李偉.我國男護士心理契約與工作投入的相關性研究[J].中國護理管理,2020,20(09):1390-1395.

• [2]景麗偉,江佳隆,邢鳳梅,周松飛,張超.中高齡居家不出老年人領悟社會支持與生活質量的相關性研究[J].中國護理管理,2020,20(08):1192-1196.

• [3]蔣婷婷,單巖,杜理平,李艷艷,周越,蔡利,蔣鑫鑫,高雅靖.老年血液透析患者認知衰弱現狀及其與跌倒恐懼的相關性研究[J].中國護理管理,2020,20(07):1005-1009.

基本的思路都是：①使用兩個量表去做橫斷面調查；②匯報兩個變量的得分現狀，并分析其相關性。

今天給大家分享的這篇源自《The Journal of Nursing Management》上的文獻，思路基本也是與上述一致。

文獻：Moazez, M, Miri, S, Foroughameri, G, Farokhzadian, J. Nurses’ perceptions of systems thinking and safe nursing care: A cross‐sectional study. J Nurs Manag. 2020; 28: 822– 830. https:///10.1111/jonm.13000

 護士對系統思維與安全護理的認知：一項橫斷面研究

小班長分享這篇文獻的推薦的理由是：其“局限性”部分的寫作很漂亮。我先給大家附上（提示：基本橫斷面研究的局限性寫作逃不開這3點內容）：

LIMITATIONS 局限性

The present study had several limitations. First, use of a self-reporting method for data collection could result in exaggerative scores and personal bias. Second, the cross-sectional method applied in this study could not evaluate the cause and effect relationship between safe nursing care and systems thinking. Third, this study was carried out in one university; therefore, the results are not generalizable to other universities and settings. As a result, we recommend future researchers to conduct experimental and cohort studies by controlling the confounding variables in various clinical settings.

存在3個方面的局限性。①使用自我報告的方法收集數據可能會導致夸大的分數（偏高）和個人偏見。②本研究采用的橫斷面方法不能確定安全護理與系統思維兩個之間的因果關系。③本研究是在其中一所大學進行的，因此，研究結果可能并不適用于其他大學和單位環境。因此，我們建議未來的研究人員通過控制各種臨床環境中的混雜變量來進行試驗和隊列研究。

Abstract摘要

Aim To assess nurses’ perceptions of systems thinking, safe nursing care and the correlation between them.

研究目的：評估護士對系統思維能力和安全護理的認知，及其相關性研究。

Background Systems thinking and safe nursing care are the key elements of quality improvement approaches, such as accreditation and patient safety programmes. However, these two variables have not been well studied in different health care settings.

研究背景：系統思維和安全護理是質量改進方法的關鍵要素，如護理認證體系和患者安全計劃。然而，這兩個變量在不同的衛生保健環境中還沒有得到很好的研究。

Methods In this cross‐sectional study, 300 nurses were selected using the stratified random sampling method. The data were collected using a demographic data form, systems thinking scale and assessment of safe nursing care questionnaire.

研究方法：采用橫斷面研究設計，應用分層隨機抽樣方法，選取300名護士進行調查。采用一般人口學資料調查表、系統思維量表和安全護理評估問卷進行數據收集。

其中，①系統思維量表systems thinking scale：主要是用來評估護士識別、理解和整合事件發展，因果，多因素，反饋及相關因素等的能力。（簡單來說，就是評估護士在安全護理中的系統思維能力）②安全護理評估量表assessment of safe nursing care (ASNC)：該調查表評估了護士在防止患者受到傷害和最大程度地及早發現錯誤方面的實踐。

Results The scores of nurses’ perceptions of systems thinking (63.25 ± 9.20) and safe nursing care (4.13 ± 0.60) were above average. A positive correlation was found between systems thinking and safe nursing care (r=0.66,p<0.001), and its dimensions: nursing skills (r=0.61,p<0.001), psychological needs (r=0.56,p<0.001), physical needs (r=0.51,p<0.001) and teamwork (r=0.56, p<0.001).

研究結果：

①現狀：護士系統思維感知得分為(63.25±9.20)、安全護理感知得分為(4.13±0.60)均高于平均水平。

②相關性：系統思維總分與安全護理總分呈正相關(r = 0.66, p＜0.001)，系統思維與安全護理各維度的相關性：護理技能(r=0.61, p＜0.001)，心理需求(r=0.56, p＜0.001)，生理需要(r=0.51, p＜0.001)和團隊合作(r=0.56, p＜0.001）。

Conclusion Regarding the correlation between systems thinking and safe nursing care, nurses and other medical professionals, especially novices, are recommended to strengthen their systems thinking skills to improve the safe nursing care.

研究結論：關于系統思維與安全護理的相關性結果顯示，建議護士及其他醫學專業人員，特別是初學者，加強系統思維技能，以提高安全護理水平。

Implications for Nursing Management 

Nurse managers should deal with organisational condition and factors affecting some poor aspects of systems thinking and safe nursing care. They must lead, support and allocate resources to the foundations of systems thinking to achieve safe nursing care.

對護理管理的啟示：護士管理者應處理組織現狀和影響系統思維和安全護理的一些不良方面的因素。他們必須領導、支持和分配資源以構建系統思維能力，進而實現安全護理。

備注：感興趣的老師，可以去看一下原文。簡單提示這些~