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問題 如何制作積載計劃？ Can you tell me how to make a stowage plan? 答案 Based on the capacity of the hold, the stowage factors, types of cargo, loading and discharging ports rotation, I shall calculate the volume of the cargo that is to be loaded into different holds. Then I shall calculate the draft of the vessel and trimming, shear force, bending moment to meet the requirements of the ship. At last, stowage plan is made based on these factors. 問題 請簡述你的教育背景和工作經歷 Can you tell me about your educational background and working experience? 答案 A reference answer: I graduated from Jimei Navigation College in 1992. I studied there for three years. I have worked as a seamen on eight ships for nearly ten years. I have the experience of Chief Officer for two ships. I have worked both Chinese and foreign shipowners in the past ten years. Of course, you may answer this question in a way that you like. 問題 貨物操作前的注意事項 What precautions do you have to take before cargo operation is carried out? 答案 I shall check the pre-cargo operation check lists to make sure that no item is missing. The following procedures are to be adopted: 1.the Chief Officer shall make a cargo operation plan, in which the following factors shall be considered: the cargo must be stowed in such way that the stability, trim, shearing forces and bending moments are within the limits as laid down by the stability manual; excessive weight on tank tops, tween decks and hatch covers must be avoided; and cargo must be stowed and secured in such way as to avoid damage- which can result in possible loss of life or property. 2.Pre-operation conference with all ship’s personnel to be involved in the cargo operation should be held to discuss such matters as cargo disposition, numbers of gangs and working hours, usual and special safety requirements, ballasting and de-ballasting information, special requirements regarding cargo operation, damage prevention and control, personnel organization, cargo watch etc. The Chief Officer must ensure that all relevant personnel have fully understood the intended cargo and all usual and special safety and operational requirements. 問題 你上條工作的船舶曾航行過哪些區域？ Where was your last vessel’s trading (sailing) area? 答案 It was an world-wide ocean-going ship, but it was mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe. She has also ever been to New Orleans, Long Beach, New York, Rotterdam, Hamburg and so on. 注意：大副應掌握世界主要地理名稱的英文說法。 問題 請介紹一下積載因數 What does stowage factor （積載因素） mean? 答案 A stowage factor of any cargo is the figure that expresses the number of cubic units of measure needed to accommodate one unit of weight- how many cubic meters is needed to stow one metric ton of certain goods. Stowage factors should include allowance for dunnage, irregular size of certain goods, pallets and something else. Even the most carefully determined stowage factor is not absolute and it should be used only as a guide while planning cargo disposition. 問題 請介紹一下你曾經工作的船舶 Can you talk about the previous vessels (last vessel) you worked on board? 答案 It was an ocean-going ship, but it was mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe. It was an old ship about 14 years old. But the general condition of the ship was quite good because we did very good maintenance work ob board. 注意：以上只是參考答案，具體答案要結合自己的經歷來回答。 問題 你是否有與外國船員一起工作的經歷？試舉例？ Did you have the experience of working with foreign crews? What were their nationalities? 答案 The last two vessels I worked on had crew from several countries. The masters were from Indian, the Chief Engineers were from Hong Kong and Philippine and other seamen were from China, Indian Burma and Vietnam. 注意：應結合自己的實際經歷進行回答。 問題 大副的主要職責 Can you tell me the responsibilities of the Chief Officer? 答案 Under the leadership of the Master, the Chief Officer shall carry out the daily management of the deck department. The C/O is also responsible for cargo handling. The specific duties of a C/O include without limitation the following: 1.watch-keeping from 0400 – 0800 hours and 1600 – 2000 hours 2.B - safety of the ship and work place, safety equipment; 3.daily safety and sanitary inspection; 4.store and spare parts inventory management; 5.maintenance on deck; 6.stowage plan making 7.supervision of the loading and unloading process; 8.cargo caring on board. 9.I some other work and duties designated by the master of the vessel. 注意：以上只是大副的一般職責，回答時可根據自己的工作實際進行靈活發揮。 問題 在你以前工作船舶上，曾運輸過什么貨物？ What types of cargoes have ever been carried on board your last vessel? I have worked on bulk carriers and general cargo vessels and I have experienced a lot of cargo handling. The last vessel I worked on is a handy-sized bulk carrier, which basically shipped such cargoes as wheat, coal and timber. 注意：這是一個很重要的問題，因為大副一個很重要的職責便是貨物管理。大副應該對不同貨物的裝卸、配載、保管、單據、保險等相關問題清楚了解。 問題 在裝/卸港口，如果發生裝卸工人損壞貨物、設備或船舶結構的情況，你應該如何處理？ If there happens stevedore damage to cargo, equipment or ship’s structure in the loading or discharging ports, what should you do? 答案 If damage happens, I must record it first and then report it in an appropriate written form to the master and other parties concerned. The report must be signed by the liable parties admitting they have (or have not) responsibility for the damage. The damage report shall be carefully worded and shall be supported with photos and other evidence, if any. The damage report should also include the following contents: ship’s name, voyage number, date, geographical location, name of the person who took the photos and his signature, location where the photo was taken, and what is intended to show. （滑動查看更多↓） 大副面試大綱 一，ISPS(2004年7月1日生效)： 1．船舶保安等級由誰頒布？ 2．船上有哪些保安設備？ 3．SSP由誰保管？如何保管？其它船員是否可以看？ 4．作為一個船舶保安員（SSO）應具備哪些保安方面知識？ 5．一般船上有哪些登船口？如何管制？ 6．在不同保安等級情況下，梯口是如何管制？（尤其是官方或港口當局人員，裝卸工人及船公司人員等） 7．何謂限制區域？船上限制區域是如何管制？ 8．在港期間如何收受物料？ 9．在何種情況下要簽署和提交保安聲明（DOS）？ 10．培訓/演習在時間上有哪些要求和規定？ 11．ISSC，SSP，SSAS，AIS，IMO NBR，DOS，SSO，PFSO，CSO，MARSEC，RESTRICTED AREA。 二，ISM （1998年7月1日）： 1．ISM英文全稱及主要目標？ 2．對船上相應證書了解（DOC，SMC）。 3．何謂DP？ 4．船上SPECIAL OPERATION一般指哪些操作？ 5．何謂HOT WORK？其操作程序怎樣？ 6．何謂ENTERING ENCLOSED SPACE？其操作程序怎樣？ 7．對測氧儀/氣體探測器使用方法及需送岸檢測（CALIBRATION）周期了解程度。 8．在船上接受了何種培訓或船上是如何進行相關培訓？ 9．在船上船長是如何發布簡短命令？ 10．在船上發現了不符合項或缺失是如何處理？ 三，SOLAS （1974年）： 1．演習時間要求：至少每月參加一次棄船演習和消防演習；當換員人數和合并未參加上月演習人員超過1/4時，應在開航后24小時之內演習一次，如新接船，那么應在開航前舉行這些演習；救生艇（包括救助艇）每三個月至少一次降落下水，并在水上進行操縱。 2．放艇要求：有2名船員能在不到5分鐘內完成登乘和降落準備工作；所有救生艇/筏應能在發出棄船信號后10分鐘內，載足全部人員及屬具后降落水面。 3．對舵裝置要求： 能在船舶最深航海吃水和以最大營運前進航速前進時將舵自一舷35度轉至另一舷35度，以及于相同條件下在不超過28秒內將舵自一舷35度轉至另一舷30度。每三個月至少進行一次應急操舵演習。 4．輔助操舵裝置應： 在不超過60秒內將舵自一舷15度轉至另一舷15度。 5．救生圈：船長150 – 200米，配備至少12只。 6．DAMAGE CONTROL PLAN （1992年2月1日）： 置于駕駛室固定顯示或可隨時使用。 7．消防員裝備： 安全燈其照明時間至少為3小時，空氣呼吸器可供使用時間至少30分鐘。 8．引航梯兩根安全繩直徑不小于28MM，應牢固地系在船上，并有帶有自亮燈救生圈。 9．L≥150M散貨船均應配備裝載儀（LOADING MASTER）。 四， STCW （78/95） 1． 有關值班人員休息時間規定： 1） 所有分派作為負責值班高級船員或組成值班部分普通船員應在百忙之中24小時內有至少10小時休息時間。 2） 休息時間可以分為至多不超過2個時間段，其中一個時間段至少要有6小時。 3） 在緊急、演習或在其它超常工作情況下不必保持第1和第2段規定關于休息時間要求。 4） 盡管有第1和第2段規定，10小時最短時間可以降到不少于連續6小時，條件是這種降低不得超過2天，并且7天時間內提供休息時間不少于70小時 5） 主管機關應要求將值班安排表張貼在顯而易見處。 2．關于酗酒指導 1）將值班期間血液中酒精含量（BAC）最大值0.08%規定為其船上工作最低安全標準;并且 2）禁止值班人員在值班前4小時內喝酒。 五， MARPOL（73/78） 1． 附則I – 特殊區域：地中海區域、波羅海區域、黑海區域、紅海區域、海灣區域、亞丁彎區域和南極區域。 2．（油類記錄本）在船保存至少3年。 3．垃圾處理特殊區域：地中海區域、波羅海區域、黑海區域、紅海區域、海灣區域、北海區域、南極區域以及泛加勒比海區域。 1）除食品垃圾≥12海里可處理如海外，其它垃圾不準處理入海； 2）在泛加勒比海區域，經粉碎處理食品垃圾≥3海里（≤25mm）可處理入海。 4．400總噸及以上船舶和核定載運15名或以上人員船舶，均應備有1份[垃圾管理計劃]和[垃圾記錄薄]。 1）[垃圾記錄薄]記錄應用船旗國政府官方語言和英文書寫； 2）每次排放或焚燒記錄應包括日期、時間、船位、垃圾種類和垃圾估算量； 3）在船至少保留2年； 4）船上垃圾數量應以立方米估算，如有可能應按類別分別估算。 5． 船上有哪些MATERIALS是不能處理入海？ 6． 塑料垃圾能否在船上焚燒？ 7． 廚房內粉碎機在港內能否使用？ 8． OIL SLUDGE船上是如何處理？ 9． 在港內能否排放洗艙水？ 10． 食品垃圾袋是如何處置？ 11． 船上有哪些防污材料？平時是如何養護？ 六，載重線公約（1966）： 載重線季節區域有哪些？ 七，船舶保險 1．P AND I CLUB 全稱是什么？ 2．P AND I CLUB/HULL AND MACHINERY INSURANCE 各投保什么險？ 3．船靠泊時撞碼頭，船體和碼頭都有損壞，應如何向保險公司索賠？ 八，租船業務 1．期租與航租有何區別？船東和租家各應負擔哪些費用？ 2．什么叫交船和還船？屬于期租還是程租？ 3．FIOST含義是什么？ 4．a.由于船方原因如克令吊故障，造成裝卸貨延緩，會造成OFF-HIRE嗎？ b.港口裝貨效率很高，裝貨時間僅為13小時，而船上排壓載水時間需要15小時，由此造成2小時裝貨延緩，會造成OFF-HIRE嗎？ c.在完貨之前，應船方要求比正常情況多看了一次水尺，由此造成裝貨暫停，用時達30分鐘，此種情況會造成OFF-HIRE嗎？ 九，操船 1．霧航規則理解和執行 2．在狹水道和分隔帶中船舶操縱避讓有何特點？ 3．拋錨作業（八字錨、深水拋錨法） 4．對DCPA理解（放洋/沿岸） 5．進入大風浪區域前/中/后應注意什么問題或做哪些準備工作？ 6．何謂平行標線法（PARALLEL INDEXING）？ 7．救助落水人員操船方法（簡述）？ 8．碰撞/擱淺后應采取初步措施有哪些？ 9．航行中雙錨是如何固定？ 十，貨運和配載 1．計算貨載應注意什么或應考慮哪些因素？（裝卸港水尺限制和比重、所經洋區載重線區域限制、船舶常數、存油水、中拱/中垂、途中加油水等） 2．在計算貨載時，如碰到條款中規定MIN/MAX時應注意什么問題？ 3．LOADING/UNLOADING SEQUENCE為何？其中有哪些基本要素？ 4．船上LOADING MASTER需要哪個機構認可（APPROVAL）？ 5．裝糧三個穩性規范要求（IMO）？ 6．怎樣預防糧食WET DAMAGE？HEAT DAMAGE？ 7．怎樣預防貨損貨差？發生貨損貨差怎么辦？ 8．如何避免超載？SHORE SCALE和DRAFT SURVEY數字有差異時，應如何處理？ 9．在裝卸貨過程中，如岸方堅持雨中作業，大副應如何處理？ 10．到港后如無ORIGINAL BILL OF LADING，是否允許卸貨？如收貨人給船上提供保函是否讓卸？如何處理此類問題？ 11．在裝卸貨過程中，如岸方提出同一艙使用兩克令吊作業，大副應如何處理？ 12．艙蓋水密試驗有哪幾種？HOSE TEST和CHALK TEST如何操作？ 13．HATCH COAMING圍槽有汗水排水孔，其有什么特殊裝置？ 14．發生工殘（STEVEDORE DAMAGE）怎么辦？ 15．裝糧、水泥、鹽、鋼材各應注意哪些要點？ 16．BC CODE和BLU CODE有何區別？ 17．如何進行大件貨綁扎或襯墊？在船上參閱哪本書？ 18．LAST TRIMMING一般余留多少噸貨？ 19．簽署MATE'S RECEIPT應注意哪些問題？ 20．木材船穩性如何計算？一般計算時甲板木材吸水量為多少？開航時，搖擺周期一般為多少秒？ 十一，過運河 1．過運河前準備工作有哪些？ 2．有何RESTRICTION？ 3．從SSW到TFW船舶水尺有何變化？ 十二，GMDSS 1．船上有哪些GMDSS設備？ 2．在何種設備上有DSC？如何測試DSC？ 3．你在船上負責哪些設備測試工作？ 4．GMDSS應記錄哪些內容？ 5．AIS是什么設備？英文全稱以及如何使用？ 十三，大副交接應注意什么問題？ 十四，一般大副應完成哪些SMS報表？ 十五，壓載水更換有哪幾種方法？各自優缺點是什么？OVERFLOW要達到所換艙容百分之多少才符合標準？在航海日志上記錄時，EMPTY/REFILL方式換艙間隔時間是否可連續？ 十六，如何測定磁羅經自差（DEV/VAR）？在船上有否進行過天體定位？ 十七，克令吊在正常作業時最低/最高仰角是多少？有否更換過鋼絲？鋼絲油多長時間刷一次？能否允許一個艙同時使用雙克令吊作業？ 十八，是否修過船？修船單如何開？修船時應注意什么問題？ 十九，怎樣管理好甲板部？與機艙如何協調？跟船長如何合作好？ 二十，船上伙食如何管理？ 二十一，是否碰到過USCG，AMSA檢查？請簡述檢查過程？請簡述為了順利通過港口國檢查，船上應做好哪些準備工作？ 二十二，計算機操作如何？WORD和EXCEL各有什么區別？功能有何不同？ 二十三，外派最重要應注意什么？ 二十四，英文 1．問題 1．Can you tell me about your educational background and your experience as a Captain? 2．Can you tell me the responsibilities of the Chief Officer? 3．Can you describe the access control while vessel in port during ship security level 1? 4．Can you describe the preparation procedures before entering the US ports? 5．What’s meaning of P&I Club? What’s coverage provided by P&I club? 6．How often at least should the Emergency Steering Drill be carried out? 7．On board your previous vessels, how often did you conduct a fire-fighting drill and abandon ship drill? 8．Can you describe the Garbage Disposal Procedures on board your last ship? 9．Can you tell me how to make a stowage plan? 10．How do you keep proper ventilation during the voyage from warn to cold area or vice-versa when laden with rice in bags? 11．Before vessel arrives at the discharging port, you found some quantity of the surface cargo was wet damaged, how would you handle it? 12．What will you do if cargo damage is found or suspected before loading or during loading? 13．If there is stevedore damage happened, what should you do? 14．Do you allow cargo discharge without being shown the B/L? 15．What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC) rate for crew on board? 16．Under heavy weather conditions, what preparations should you make before sailing? 17．As the Chief Officer, what precautions do you have to take to prepare for the PSC inspection? 18．What precautions do you have to take before entering an enclosed space? 19．What checks do you have make before any hot work is permitted? 20．What is the method usually we take for ballast water change? Can you describe the respectively specialty for Empty/Refill and Overflow? 21．Before and during dry-docking for the vessel, what should a Chief Officer do? 22．What actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expected? 1．縮寫 BM， SF， TST，TCT，TPC，MTC，SSW，TFW，SWAD，SWSD，EPIRB，EEBD，SSAS，AIS，SART，NBDP，EGC，DSC，CFR，UKC，DWT，LOA，GRT，NRT，WIAS，DBT，AGW，WP，WIPON，MOLOO，TPA，ISSC，CSR，DOS，SSO，PFSO，AMSA，NOR，SOF，LOI，ORB，GRB，VAR，DEV，BC CODE（CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE FOR SOLID GARGOES），BLU CODE （THE CODE OF PRACIICE FOR SAFE LOADING AND UNLOADING OF BULK CARRIERS）。 2．單字名稱 TANKTOP， CROSS DECK， BULKHEAD， SAGGING， HOGGING， SPECIAL GRAVITY， VOID SPACE（COFFERDAM TANK），INCINERATOR，CLINOMETER， BAROMETER， CHRONOMETER， HYDROMETER，WINDLASS， CHAIN LOCKER， HAWSE PIPE， CHAIN PIPE， EVEN KEEL，BILGE KEEL，BILGE WELL， AIR DRAFT， HEELING MOVEMENT/ANGLE， CLOSE QUARTER， IMMINENT DAMGER，DOCK PLAN， GENERAL ARRANGEMENT， CAPACITY PLAN， QUICK ACTING CLEAT， DRAINING HOLE， CHALK TEST， LUFFING WIRE， HOISTING WIRE， PLIMSOLL MARK， 3 COATS OF PRIMER， TOUCH-UP， SAFETY PATROL ROUND， ANODE， WIAS-WATER INGRESS ALARM SYSTEM， DEWATERING SYSTEM （FPT AND BOSUN’S STORE）, STOPPING DISTANCE, TURNING CIRCLE, HYDRANT, INTERNATIONAL SHORE CONNECTION, FIRE MAIN, CARBON DIOXIDE, AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM，FAIRLEADER，GAS DETECTOR。 |
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