【原】單船滯留缺陷5+，滯留率高達21.43%，意大利Monfalcone港PSC常規(guī)的滯留點就在這五項！

PSCReady公眾號 2025-08-03 發(fā)布于天津

展開全文

前些天，有前往歐洲的船東讓老編總結下歐洲主要港口的滯留措施，從后臺看意大利Monfalcone是當?shù)氐臏舸髴簦瑩?jù)悉當?shù)氐氖紫疨SCO是Paolo Masella，有5個人組成的檢查團隊，執(zhí)法相當嚴格，單船滯留缺陷基本在5個以上，滯留率高達21.43%，順手摘取幾個他們的滯留缺陷（見文末統(tǒng)計表格），為了更好的做好PSC迎檢工作，老編找了下他們的高頻滯留醒目加以整理，供各位參考。

一、最高頻滯留項目是消防安全系統(tǒng)，需要關注以下三點：

1. 主消防泵、通用泵、應急消防泵的出水測試。任何消防泵、消防管出現(xiàn)滲漏、壓力不足，尤其是機艙底部或甲板上的消防栓、消防閥、消防水帶存在老化、滲漏情況，都將直接導致船舶滯留，還會視情況追究RO責任。

2. 防火門自閉情況，PSC會重點檢查廚房的防火門，這個區(qū)域由于經常使用，總是關不嚴，若關閉不嚴屬于17項目缺陷。

3. 消防演習情況，演習失敗，必然被滯留。該港口的PSC在演習中重點關注的項目包括：失火區(qū)域的通風口沒有關閉、探火員進入火災現(xiàn)場開門前未采取任何保護措施、其他無關人員進入火災現(xiàn)場等。

第二位的滯留項目救生設備，PSC多側重實操測試

救生艇和救助艇的啟動操作是必測項目，以此現(xiàn)場考核船員的應急準備操作能力。一旦出現(xiàn)救生艇、救助艇發(fā)動機啟動失敗（通常沒有第二次嘗試機會）、釋放裝置發(fā)生故障、存放區(qū)域結構銹蝕等情況，都有可能導致船舶滯留。

第三位的是防污染設備，屬于零容忍項目。

PSC 會對油類記錄簿（ORB）的記錄進行逐項核對，對油水分離器進行功能測試，需要注意的是15PPM報警中的記錄與ORB要保持一致；生活污水處理裝置要保證功能良好；同時，柴油機NOX技術案卷的參數(shù)技術記錄簿要與機艙庫房備件的識別號相符。

第四個檢查點是重要的機電設備

主機和發(fā)電機的缸套、啟動馬達、飛輪端、油底殼等區(qū)域要保持清潔，不能存在漏油情況，同時，舵機間、分油機間，任何“明油”滲漏都可能導致17項目及ISM的缺陷。要保持機艙內部管系的完整性，任何私自改裝，管系的臨時修理，都是不可接受的，都存在滯留風險。例如，油水分離器報警裝置被旁路、設備加裝一些臨時放殘管路、油柜速閉閥控制管路漏氣等情況。

第五是文件與證書核查

PSC檢查的比較細致，證書的過期將導致滯留。 PSC會重點關注MLC公約在船的執(zhí)行情況，包括就業(yè)協(xié)議、休息記錄、工資支付、投訴程序等；特別重視經船旗國授權或批準的文件是否在文件中體現(xiàn)“經船旗國授權或批準”字樣；同時關注ESP文件中貨艙/油艙的腐蝕狀況。

高發(fā)滯留缺陷舉例如下

01122	International Ship Security Certificate	After check with O.R. CODE ISSC certtificate results invalid.(ISM)
07105	Fire doors/openings in fire-resisting divisions	All fire doors not closing properly. several of them found blocked with rope. self closing device where installed for example on trunks not closing. remaining in full open position(ISM)
01123	Continuous synopsis record	"ISSC issued by Panama Maritime Authority but according last CSR N.18 results that the ship has been issued with an international ship security certificate(ISM)
01140	Declaration of Maritime Labour Compliance (part I and II)	"DMLC Part I issued by Panama Flag after QR code check results cancelled. DMLC Part II not covering points NN. 15 and 16 (Financial security for repatriation shipowner's liability)"(ISM)
01139	Maritime Labour Certificate	MLC certificates invalid cause the DMLC issued on 16 June 2025 results cancelled.(ISM)
01201	Certificates for master and officers	COC 2nd. Engineer not found on board.
18306	Sleeping room, additional spaces	Flush in toilet of 2nd Eng. cabin not working. Shower without curtain and telephone shower missing(ISM)
18204	Calculation and payment	No evidence that seafarers on board receive wages account monthly(ISM)
02119	Enhanced survey programme (ESP)	Reports of structural Survey, thickness measurements report, condition evaluation report not found on board(ISM)
02103	Stability/strength/loading information and instruments	Loading information not approved by Flag State(ISM)
11104	Rescue boats	Engine of rescue boat not working(ISM)
04102	Emergency Fire Pump and its pipes	Water leakage noted from the fire pump. Deficiency recorded on 16.02.2025 is not rectified as per PSC request.(ISM)
10111	Charts	Nautical charts nn. 1037 and 1092 for the voyage not updated.
01305	Logbooks / compulsory entries	No drills recorded for the current month. no signature on 22,23,24 of February.(ISM)
14108	15 PPM alarm arrangements	Alarm for 15 ppm not audible in ER.(ISM)
13101	Propulsion main engine	oil leakages noted from main engine.(ISM)
04114	Emergency source of power - Emergency Generator	Em Diesel generator not starting at the moment of the test after several attempts(ISM)
13104	Bilge pumping arrangements	Water leakages noted from ballast pump in ER. Deficiency recorded on 16.02.2024 is not rectified as per PSC request.