【原】《牦牛賦》

營養(yǎng)學(xué)老師 2025-08-24 發(fā)布于上海

展開全文

Praise to the Yak

Author: Su Shiyan

編者按：高原之上，風(fēng)與經(jīng)幡共舞時，總能望見牦牛踏過草甸的身影。它們馱著千年風(fēng)雪，也馱著藏族人家的煙火——身上的毛是御寒的暖衣，產(chǎn)的奶是酥油茶里的甜香，踏出的路是山間的脈絡(luò)，早與這片土地、這群人民纏成了不解的共生結(jié)。

我與高原的緣分，印記在果洛的草灘、甘南的帳旁，也落在玉樹的坡地上、澤庫的藍(lán)天白云下。正是在這些地方幫牧民做牦牛奶酪的日子里，看著牦牛鮮奶慢慢凝乳模樣，變成藏地人熟悉的曲拉，更試著將這千年傳統(tǒng)的曲拉工藝與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工藝相融合，幫藏族同胞制作出西式奶酪，或是更適合全球人民食用的奶酪；看著奶粉裝袋時牧民眼里的光，才更懂了牦牛不只是牲畜，是高原的魂，是牧民心頭的圣物。于是提筆寫這《牦牛賦》，不為辭藻鋪陳，只為記下它馱起的歲月，記下它與人間相依的溫厚，也記下我們守著這份共生，想讓牦牛的饋贈走得更遠(yuǎn)，讓牦牛文化傳遍五湖四海。

Editor's Note：On the plateau, when the wind dances with prayer flags, one can always see the figure of yaks treading across the meadows.
My connection with the plateau is imprinted on the grasslands of Guoluo, beside the tents of Gannan, and also falls on the slopes of Yushu and under the blue sky and white clouds of Zeku. Looking at the light in the eyes of the herdsmen when the milk powder was bagged, I truly understood that yaks are not just livestock; they are the soul of the plateau and the sacred object in the hearts of the herdsmen. So I picked up my pen to write this "Yak Ode", not for elaborate words, but to record the years it has carried, to record the warmth it has shared with the human world, and also to record our commitment to this symbiosis, hoping that the gifts of yaks can go further and that yak culture can spread far and wide.

《牦牛賦》正文

作者：蘇世彥

夫雪域蒼茫，高原莽蕩。牦牛挺立于冰峰雪嶺之間，與藏民相守于歲月悠長。其形渾樸，其性溫良，承天地之精魄，載民族之希望，實乃高原之靈物，藏地之榮光。

觀夫牦牛之姿，犄角崢嶸向天，如利劍刺破云靄；身軀壯碩如山，似磐石穩(wěn)立寒荒。厚毛垂地，可御徹骨之霜；鐵蹄踏冰，能破千里之障。朝飲冰川雪水，暮食高原牧草，櫛風(fēng)沐雨，不改其志；經(jīng)霜歷雪，愈顯其剛。

牦牛之于藏民，若父母之育子女，若梁柱之撐華堂。晨露未晞，乳香四溢，取其甘冽之汁，制酥油以暖腹，釀曲拉以充腸。銅壺煮沸歲月，木碗盛滿時光，每一滴瓊漿，皆為生命之滋養(yǎng)；每一口醇香，俱是文明之傳揚。其肉可果腹，其皮可制履，其毛可織帳，其骨可成器。即便糞便，亦化薪火，驅(qū)寒夜之凄清，燃生活之希望。

運輸往來，牦牛為藏民之舟車；耕耘阡陌，牦牛作高原之耕犁。負(fù)重致遠(yuǎn)，不辭山路崎嶇；披星戴月，何懼風(fēng)雪迷離。牛角纏經(jīng)幡，祈愿隨風(fēng)飄天際；牦尾系哈達，虔誠與云共徜徉。于藏民心中，牦牛非牲畜，乃神靈之使者，圖騰之具象，血脈相連，生死共當(dāng)。

千載春秋，牦牛與藏民同呼吸、共命運。或踏破皚皚雪原，開拓生存之路；或穿越茫茫戈壁，守護家園安康。藏民以赤誠之心敬之愛之，牦牛以無私之奉獻報之佑之。此般深情厚誼，融于雪山之巔，刻于瑪尼石上，代代相傳，生生不息。

嗟乎！牦牛之德，高山仰止；牦牛之功，日月同光。愿其身影長留雪域，護佑藏地之繁榮；愿此情緣永續(xù)千秋，見證民族之輝煌。

圖解：我家冰箱里的牦牛奶酪（澤庫當(dāng)曾多杰制作）

編后語：

在海拔數(shù)千米的雪域高原，牦牛與藏民族共同勾勒出一幅震撼人心的生存畫卷。它們不僅是藏民族高原生存的伙伴，更是血脈相連的生命共同體，彼此依靠，在這片廣袤而嚴(yán)酷的土地上，書寫著綿延不絕的傳奇。

當(dāng)藏民將牦牛皮鞣制成皮靴，將牦牛毛編織成帳篷，將牦牛肉風(fēng)干為食物，他們不僅是在取用生存的資源，更是在延續(xù)與牦牛共生的古老契約。每一滴發(fā)酵的乳汁，都是文明傳承的密碼，在酥油茶的醇香里，在酸奶的酸甜中，藏民將對牦牛的敬畏與熱愛，釀成了世世代代的精神養(yǎng)分。牦牛以沉默的奉獻，成為了藏地文明最忠實的守護者，而藏民則以血脈里流淌的深情，與牦牛共同書寫著高原上永恒的生命史詩。

On the snow-covered plateau at an altitude of several thousand meters, yaks and the xizang people together outline a stunning tapestry of survival. They are not merely companions for xizangs in their highland existence, but a community of shared destiny bound by blood ties. Relying on each other, they have written an enduring legend across this vast and harsh land.

When xizangs tan yak hides into leather boots, weave yak hair into tents, and air-dry yak meat for food, they are not just harvesting resources for survival—they are upholding an ancient covenant of coexistence with yaks. Every drop of fermented milk is a code for the inheritance of civilization. In the rich aroma of butter tea and the sweet-sour taste of yogurt, xizangs have brewed their reverence and affection for yaks into spiritual sustenance passed down through generations. With their silent dedication, yaks have become the most loyal guardians of xizang civilization; in turn, the xizang people, with deep affection flowing in their blood, co-write the eternal epic of life on the plateau alongside yaks。