概說強調句型——點擊高考熱點語法

    一、去掉強調結構It is (was) … that (who)…后，剩下的詞仍能組成一個完整的句子。這是判斷是不是強調句型的關鍵。試比較：

1. It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday.

2. It is you and Tom that didn’t come yesterday.

    顯然，句1去掉It is… that …后，句子結構不完整，是主語從句；句2去掉It is … that …后，句子變為you and Tom didn’t come yesterday. 仍是一個表意完整的句子，這是一個強調句。再如：

1. It is what you do rather than what you say ____matters.  （05天津）

    A. that  B. what  C. which  D. this

    答案A。這是一個強調主語的強調句型，去掉強調結構，剩下的是What you do rather than what you say matters. 表意完整。

2. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ____I enjoyed myself so much.

    A. when  B. that  C. before  D. since   （05安徽）

    答案D。由強調句型的判斷方法可知，該句不是強調句型。It指時間，句意為：好幾年我沒有這么高興了。since的意思是“自從那個時候起”。

    二、如果強調時間、地點、原因或方式狀語時，不可用when, where, why或how，而仍用that。試比較：It was because of the accident why he was late. (誤), It was because of the accident that he was late. (正)。又如：

1. It was not until midnight      they reached the camp site. （08重慶）

    A. that    B. when   C. while   D. as

    答案A。該題強干擾項是B，考生容易因強調時間狀語until midnight而誤選。

2. It was after he got what he had desired ____he realized it was not so important.     （06遼寧）

    A. that   B. when   C. since   D. as

    答案A。該句強調時間狀語從句after he got what he had desired，題干意思是“得到他所夢寐以求的東西后他才意識到一切都不那么重要”。不要誤選B。

3. It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. （08全國II）

    A. that   B. how   C. which   D. when

    答案A。強調地點狀語in New Zealand.

    三、注意強調句型的否定句和疑問句形式，在這方面很容易因弄不清句子結構而錯選。如:

1. I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited.    （06山東）

    A. why it does   B. what he does   C. how it is   D. what it is

    答案D。正常語序的強調句型容易看出，但要注意它的變體。如果把該題變換一下語序：it is what that makes him so excited, 不難看出這是強調句型的特殊疑問句形式，強調了疑問代詞what，因為wonder后賓語從句，故用了陳述語序。

2. It was not until she got home ____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.

    A. when  B. that  C. where  D. before     （06全國卷二）

    答案B。如果去掉強調結構，該句是一個“not… until”句型：Jennifer didn’t realize she had lost her keys until she got home. 要強調時間狀語until she got home，這時要把主句中的否定詞not放在was之后。

    四、強調主語時，that或who后面的謂語動詞的形式仍然取決于原句中的主語；be的變化只有is和was兩種形式，如果要表示現在時將來時的其它各種形式時，就用It is…, 表達過去時的各種形式時，用It was….一般要與謂語動詞的時態一致。如：

1. It is I who/ that am an English teacher.

2. It is the boy who/ that speaks English best in the class.

3. It was on Sunday that he gave George this ticket.

4. It is the little girl who/ that has broken the glass.

    五、在復習中有可能把It is/ was…that句式都誤認為是強調句型的幾種情況：

1、把具有實際意義的指示代詞it后面接is/was…that誤認為是強調句式。

--- Where did you get to know her?     （07山東）

--- It was on the farm ____ we worked.

    A．that   B．there   C．which   D．where

    答案D。該句易誤作強調句型，所以A是強干擾項。這里where we worked 是定語從句，修飾the farm。It指“與她相識” 這件事。該題很容易受思維定勢的影響而拒絕選D，因為平日教學老師一再強調，用強調句型時即使強調地點狀語，也不能用where而用that。該句如果要用it was… that強調句型的話，可改寫為“It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.”

2、把it指時間、天氣、距離、環境等后接be的情形誤以為是強調句型。

    It was twenty miles from our city to the village ____the accident happened.

    A. that  B. when  C. then  D. where

    答案D。本題貌似It was…that強調句型，其實不然。句中It表示距離，where 引導地點狀語從句。

3、把It is/ was… that結構的主語從句誤認為是強調句型。

    The Foreign Minister said, “____our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” （04北京）

    A. This is  B. There is  C. That is  D. It is

    答案D。如果選A和C，指示代詞This和That在句中找不出指代的內容，選B意義不通。故選D。雖然選It is后題干中出現了It is… that結構，但這不是強調句型。很明顯，題干中的that從句應是主語從句，所缺的是形式主語。

    ____ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy 

    A. As  B. That  C. This  D. It  （06浙江）

    答案D。如果去掉It is … that, 中間的our belief就無法處理，因此該句不是強調句型，而是一個復合句，It是形式主語，that引導真正主語。

    強調句型It is/ was… that/ who主要用來強調句子的主語、賓語、狀語或表語。如果要強調謂語動詞, 應該用代動詞do及其變形does或did，這三種形式常用在謂語動詞之前，以加強語氣。它一般只能強調現在時與過去時。如：

    I do wish I could. 我真希望我能。

    He does look well. 他的確看起來氣色很好。

    You did give me a fright. 你真把我給嚇了一跳。

跟蹤訓練：

一、單項填空

1. --- He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.

    --- When was ____? （07浙江）

    --- ____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.

    A. that; This   B. this; It   C. it; This   D. that; It

2. It is not who is right but what is right ____is of importance.  （07重慶）

    A. which   B. it   C. that   D. this

3. It was along the Mississippi River ____Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

    A. how  B. which  C. that  D. where         （08天津）

4. Was it in the room ____Mr. Johnson lived ____the exhibition was held?

    A. that; that  B. where; that  C. where; where  D. that; where 

5. It was _____ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.

    A. repairing       B. repaired   C. to repair       D. in repair

6. It is in Steven Spielberg’s first film, Jaws, ____ a big white shark attacks swimmers ____ are spending their

    holidays in a small village by the sea.

    A. where; who    B. which; that   C. that; that   D. where; that

7. ---You seemed to have been impressed by his songs.

    ---Well, not exactly so. It was his way of singing____ his voice that really impressed me.

    A. rather than   B. as well as    C. but also  D. together with

8. When was ____you met with the famous scientist?

    A. it that  B. it  C. the place  D. the place that

9. It was the photo of mine ____was taken ____stood the high tower.

    A. which; that  B. that; that  C. that; where  D. who; that

10. Is it the years ____you worked in the factory ____have a good effect on your literary works? 

    A. that; where  B. that; that  C. when; where  D. when; that

11. —Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident?
　 —No,_____only the two passengers who got hurt.
    A. it was  B. there was  C. there were   D. there had

12. It was _____ the exam results were known _____ a lot of time on computer games.

    A. until; did the boy begin to regret having wasted

    B. not until; that the boy began to regret to have wasted

    C. not until; that the boy began to regret wasting

    D. until; did the boy begin to regret to waste

答案及解析：

1－5 DCCBA   6－10 CAACD   11－12 AC

1. D。第一個空that代指前面那件事，意思是“那是什么時候”？后一個空是用 it 強調句型來強調，意思

   是“那是在2000年他還在讀大學的時候（他出版了他的第一本新書）”，句中when引導的是定語從句，

   強調句型中的“…that he got his first book published”省略了，

2. C。考查it is…that強調句型。題干意思是“不是誰是對的而是什么是對的尤為重要”。強調結構中缺少強

   調連詞，故選C。

3. C。強調地點狀語along the Mississippi River，該題強干擾項是D。考生往往受慣性思維的影響，見到地

   點，馬上考慮到表示地點的副詞where.

4. B。識別強調句型不難，但極有可能在第一個空填that, 而誤選D。其實被強調的部分還含有一個where引導

   的定語從句，修飾room. 第二個空選that構成強調句型。

5. A。此為一強調句型，被強調的repairing the old clock在原句中充當省略了的介詞in的賓語。

6. C。該題考查強調句型與定語從句混合運用時連接詞的辨析。第一空所選that為強調句之連詞，第二空所

    選that為定語從句之關系代詞。

7. A。該題考查強調句中被強調部分之間的連接詞用法。由句意“是他的演唱方式而不是他的歌聲給我印象

   深刻”可知A為正確選項；as well as，together with兩項雖然結構上也對，但不符合not exactly so。

8. A。這是特殊問句的強調結構，疑問詞是被強調的部分。

9. C。這是個強調句型，強調 “the photo of mine”, 所以第一個空填that; 第二個空填where, 引導地點狀語

   從句，表明拍照的地點，這個狀語從句用的是倒裝語序。

10. D。考查強調句型。命題人為了增加句子結構的復雜性，又插上了定語從句。為了便于理解句子，可以

   把句子還原為兩個單句，可以看出“when you worked in the factory”是用定語從句來修飾被強調的主語

   the years.

11. A。考生很可能誤選C。因為考生想表達“不，只有兩個人受傷”，很可能用There be結構表達“有”。

   但是本句實際采用了強調結構，強調“only the two passengers”，故選A。

12. C。考查強調句型和非謂語動詞的用法。從題干看，這是一個強調句，被強調的是not until引導的狀語從

   句，句子用陳述句語序；動詞regret在此表示后悔做了某事，用regret doing / having done sth。

二、用強調句型it is/ was… that/ who強調劃線部分

1. She didn’t know her mother was ill in bed until she came home from work.

2. Did his father die during the Second World War?

3. Who broke the window?

4. How did you succeed?

5. He is a teacher now.

6. I bought you the dictionary.

7. I am to blame.

8. You are wrong.

9. I am looking for him.

10. He told me the news at the gate.

答案：

1. It was not until she came home from work that she knew her mother was ill in bed.

2. Was it during the Second World War that his father died?

3. Who was it that broke the window?

4. How was it that you succeeded?

5. It is a teacher that he is now.

6. It was for you that I bought the dictionary.

7. It is I who/ that am to blame.

8. It is you who/ that are wrong.

9. It is him whom/ that I am looking for

10. It was at the gate that he told me the news.