  Greenland saw rain at the highest point of its ice sheet for the first time since scientists have been making observations there, the latest signal of how climate change is affecting every part of the planet. 自從科學(xué)家對(duì)格陵蘭島進(jìn)行觀測(cè)以來(lái)，格陵蘭島冰蓋最高點(diǎn)首次出現(xiàn)降雨，這是氣候變化影響地球各地的最新信號(hào) 。 According to the U.S. National Snow & Ice Data Center, rain fell for several hours on an area 10,551 feet in elevation on Aug. 14, an unprecedented occurrence for a location that rarely sees temperatures above freezing. 根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家冰雪數(shù)據(jù)中心的數(shù)據(jù)，8月14日，海拔10551英尺的地區(qū)連續(xù)下了幾個(gè)小時(shí)的雨，這在一個(gè)氣溫很少在零度以上的地方是前所未有的。  It was also the latest date in the year scientists had ever recorded above-freezing temperatures at the National Science Foundation's Summit Station. 這也是科學(xué)家們?cè)诿绹?guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)基金會(huì)的峰頂站記錄到溫度高于零度的最近的一天。 The rainfall coincided with the ice sheet's most recent "melt event," in which temperatures get high enough that the thick ice begins to melt. 降雨與也最近的冰蓋“融化事件”相吻合，在這一事件中，溫度變得足夠高，厚冰開始融化 。 Rising global temperatures driven by climate change have made extreme weather events more common. 氣候變化導(dǎo)致的全球氣溫上升使極端天氣事件更加常見。 The Greenland Ice Sheet is no exception. 格陵蘭冰蓋也不例外 。 There were two major melt events there in July. Scientists also recorded melt events on the ice sheet in 2019, 2012, and 1995. 7月份那里發(fā)生了兩次主要的融化事件。 科學(xué)家們還記錄了2019年、2012年和1995年冰蓋的融化事件 。 Before then, "melting is inferred from ice cores to have been absent since an event in the late 1800s," the center said. 該中心說(shuō)，在那之前，“從冰芯推斷，自19世紀(jì)后期以來(lái)，融化就沒有發(fā)生過(guò)?！?nbsp;  The melting event that occurred during the August rain mirrored those that took place in July, which came about after "a strong low pressure center over Baffin Island and high air pressure southeast of Greenland" pushed warm air and moisture north, the scientists said. 科學(xué)家們說(shuō)，8月降雨期間發(fā)生的融化事件類似于7月發(fā)生的融化事件，這是在“巴芬島上空的一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的低壓中心和格陵蘭島東南部的高壓”將暖空氣和濕氣推向北方之后發(fā)生的 。 Greenland's ice sheet — one of just two on Earth, the other in Antarctica — is about 656,000 square miles of glacial land ice, blanketing the majority of the country. 格陵蘭島的冰原是地球上僅有的兩個(gè)冰原之一，另一個(gè)在南極洲，約有65.6萬(wàn)平方英里的冰川陸地冰，覆蓋了這個(gè)國(guó)家的大部分地區(qū) 。 The Arctic region is warming twice as quickly as the rest of the planet under climate change. 在氣候變化的影響下，北極地區(qū)變暖的速度是地球其他地區(qū)的兩倍。 Global average temperatures have risen about 1 degree Celsius, or almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit, since the growth of industrialization and fossil fuel use in the mid-19th century. 自19世紀(jì)中期工業(yè)化的發(fā)展和化石燃料的使用以來(lái)，全球平均氣溫上升了約1攝氏度，或者說(shuō)接近2華氏度 。 The Arctic region has warmed by almost 2 degrees Celsius so far. 而到目前為止，北極地區(qū)已經(jīng)變暖了近2攝氏度 。  Because of hotter global temperatures, Greenland and Antarctica lost enough ice over the last 16 years to fill all of Lake Michigan, a 2020 study found. 2020年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于全球氣溫升高，格陵蘭島和南極洲在過(guò)去16年失去的冰足夠填滿整個(gè)密歇根湖。 The melting has implications for people far from Greenland. 冰川融化對(duì)遠(yuǎn)離格陵蘭島的人們也產(chǎn)生了影響。 The ice loss is helping drive sea level rise, threatening coastal communities around the world with flooding. 冰的流失正在推動(dòng)海平面上升，給世界各地的沿海社區(qū)帶來(lái)洪水威脅 。  |
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