“立冬”是二十四節氣中的第十九個節氣，冬季的第一個節氣。斗柄指向西北方位，太陽黃經達225°，于每年公歷11月7-8日之間交節。立冬是季節類節氣，表示自此進入了冬季。立，建始也；冬，終也，萬物收藏也。立冬，意味著生氣開始閉蓄，萬物進入休養、收藏狀態。其氣候也由秋季少雨干燥向陰雨寒凍的冬季氣候漸變。我們來看看如何用英文描述立冬這一節氣，學會用英文講述節氣的故事，傳播中國文化。The traditional Chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. Lìdōng(pīnyīn), literally "Start of Winter", is the 19th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 225° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 240°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 225°, which in the Gregorian calendar is around November 7.傳統農歷將一年劃分為24個節氣。立冬，拼音為Lìdōng，英文為Start of Winter，是一年中第19個節氣。它始于太陽到達黃經225°，結束于太陽到達黃經240°。它更常指的是太陽正處于黃經225°的日子，在公歷中，通常在11月7日左右。Each solar term can be divided into 3 pentads. They are: first pentad, second pentad and last pentad. Pentads in Lidong include:每個節氣可分為三候：初候、次候和末候。立冬的三候為：First pentad 初候:
水始冰
Water begins to freeze地始凍
The earth begins to harden 雉入大水為蜃
Pheasants enter the water and become clamsStart of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up. Start of winter is also one of the seasonal nodes that Chinese people attach great importance to. It is a time to enjoy a good harvest and take a good rest. People look forward to the prosperity and happiness of life in the coming year.立冬是冬季的第一個節氣，這意味著冬季即將來臨，秋季收獲的作物應該儲存起來。立冬也是我國民間非常重視的季節節點之一，是享受豐收、休養生息的時節，人們期待著來年生活的興旺如意。In ancient times, the Chinese people took the Start of Winter to be the beginning of the winter. However in fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology. The climate every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And with the vast territory of China, winter of every area doesn’t begin at the same time.在古代，中國人把立冬當作冬天的開始。然而事實上，從氣象學的角度來看，立冬并并不是冬天的開始。每年的氣候都不一樣，所以冬天的開始可能會大不相同。由于中國幅員遼闊，每個地區的冬天并不是同時開始的。The four beginnings of the seasons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the Start of Winter, the ancient emperor would take a shower and have no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the suburbs and perform the ceremony of "welcoming the winter."“四立”（四個季節的開始：立春、立夏、立秋和立冬）在古代是重要節日。立冬前，古代皇帝會洗個澡，不再吃肉。在立冬這一天，皇帝將帶領官員們一起到郊區，舉行“迎冬”儀式。A legend has it that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, "Medical Saint" Zhang Zhongjing saved many people in Henan province from a typhoid epidemic and their ears' from being frostbitten around Start of Winter. He cooked mutton, hot peppers and herbs to dispel the cold and increase body heat. He wrapped these ingredients into dough wrappers and made them into ear shapes. Since then, people have learned to make the food which became known as "dumpling". Today there is still a saying that goes "Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day, or your ears will be frostbitten". 傳說，東漢末年，“醫圣”張仲景在河南省的一次傷寒疫情中拯救了許多人，并使他們的耳朵在立冬前后免受凍傷。 他煮羊肉、辣椒和草藥來驅寒和增加體溫。他把這些原料包成面皮，做成耳朵形狀。從那時起，人們就學會了制作這種人稱“餃子”的食物。今天仍然有一句俗語說“立冬不端餃子碗，凍掉耳朵沒人管”。 On the first day of Start of Winter, there is a custom, "nourishing the winter", in Southeast China in places such as Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces. To prepare for the oncoming cold winter, people there like to eat high-calorie food such as chicken, duck, beef, mutton, and fish, which are usually stewed with some Chinese medicines to enhance the effectiveness of the nourishment.在立冬的第一天，在中國東南部的福建、廣東、臺灣等地，有一種“補冬”的習俗。為了迎接即將到來的寒冬，那里的人們喜歡吃高熱量的食物，如雞、鴨、牛肉、羊肉和魚，這些食物通常與中藥（當歸、川芎、白芍和地黃等）一起燉，以增強營養效果。Now it's your time to open your mouth and practice!Have fun learning English!
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